Specific mechanisms of tolerance to copper and cadmium are compromised by a limited concentration of glutathione in alfalfa plants

Flores-Cáceres, María Laura; Hattab, Sabrine; Hattab, Sarra; Boussetta, Hamadi; Bannı, Mohamed; Hernández, Luís E.

doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.01.013

Cited by 71 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…A GSH-dependent pathway is one of the most important mechanisms contributing to heavy metal tolerance (Lee et al, 2003;Sobrino-Plata et al, 2014a, 2014bHernández et al, 2015;Flores-Cáceres et al, 2015;Jozefczak et al, 2015). GSH, as the metabolic precursor of the heavy metal chelating PCs, plays an important role in the heavy metal detoxification in plants (Cobbett and Goldsbrough, 2002;Ball et al, 2004;Kim et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well documented that glutathione (GSH) is essential for Cd detoxification (Zhu et al, 1999;Xiang et al, 2001;Cobbett and Goldsbrough, 2002;Jozefczak et al, 2012Jozefczak et al, , 2015Sobrino-Plata et al, 2014b;Hernández et al, 2015;Flores-Cáceres et al, 2015), and GSH-or phytochelatin (PC)-conjugated vacuolar sequestration is one of the most important mechanisms contributing to Cd accumulation and tolerance in plants (Grill et al, 1989;Li et al, 1997;Cobbett and Goldsbrough, 2002;Lee et al, 2003;Lin and Aarts, 2012;Jozefczak et al, 2012). GSH is known to be synthesized from g-Glu, with Cys and Gly being successively catalyzed by g-glutamyl-Cys synthetase (encoded by GSH1) and glutathione synthetase (encoded by GSH2; May et al, 1998;Cobbett, 2000;Jozefczak et al, 2012), and PC is polymerized from GSH by phytochelatin synthase (PCS; encoded by PCS1 and PCS2 in Arabidopsis [Arabidopsis thaliana]), which is strongly induced by Cd stress Noctor et al, 2002;Semane et al, 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Zinc-Finger Transcription Factor ZAT6 Positively Regulates Cadmium Tolerance through the Glutathione-Dependent Pathway in Arabidopsis

et al. 2016

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Zinc-Finger Transcription Factor ZAT6 Positively Regulates Cadmium Tolerance through the Glutathione-Dependent Pathway in Arabidopsis

et al. 2016

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“…The root is the primary organ that plants deploy to accumulate most of the heavy metals to which they are exposed4041. Sulfur metabolism is required for the growth and development of plants, and the production of sulfur metabolites also plays a critical role in plant responses to heavy metal-induced stress25.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen sulfide - cysteine cycle system enhances cadmium tolerance through alleviating cadmium-induced oxidative stress and ion toxicity in Arabidopsis roots

Jia

Wang

Dou

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

108

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Cadmium (Cd 2+ ) is a common toxic heavy metal ion. We investigated the roles of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) and cysteine (Cys) in plant responses to Cd 2+ stress. The expression of H 2 S synthetic genes LCD and DES1 were induced by Cd 2+ within 3 h, and endogenous H 2 S was then rapidly released. H 2 S promoted the expression of Cys synthesis-related genes SAT1 and OASA1, which led to endogenous Cys accumulation. The H 2 S and Cys cycle system was stimulated by Cd 2+ stress, and it maintained high levels in plant cells. H 2 S inhibited the ROS burst by inducing alternative respiration capacity (AP) and antioxidase activity. H 2 S weakened Cd 2+ toxicity by inducing the metallothionein (MTs) genes expression. Cys promoted GSH accumulation and inhibited the ROS burst, and GSH induced the expression of phytochelatin (PCs) genes, counteracting Cd 2+ toxicity. In summary, the H 2 S and Cys cycle system played a key role in plant responses to Cd 2+ stress. The Cd 2+ tolerance was weakened when the cycle system was blocked in lcddes1-1 and oasa1 mutants. This paper is the first to describe the role of the H 2 S and Cys cycle system in Cd 2+ stress and to explore the relevant and specificity mechanisms of H 2 S and Cys in mediating Cd 2+ stress.Cadmium (Cd 2+ ) is a common toxic heavy metal ion in the environment. It greatly affects the growth and development of plants and is harmful to human health through the food chain 1,2 . Because of its carcinogenic properties and its detrimental effects on the growth of organisms, Cd 2+ contamination of agricultural soil has become a critical concern. Preventing reduced growth and accumulation of Cd 2+ in harvested organs of plants growing on Cd 2+ -contaminated soils has become an urgent task as it can contribute to food safety. Thus, it is important to explore plant stress defense mechanisms and to find ways to reduce the Cd 2+ accumulation in grains.As a heavy metal not participating in redox reactions, Cd 2+ can easily dissolve in water and quickly be taken up by plant roots 3,4 . The physiological consequences of Cd 2+ toxicity in plants are chlorosis, stunted growth, and cell death, among others [5][6][7] . At the cellular level, Cd 2+ can alter protein structure and inhibit enzyme activity by binding to sulfhydryl and carbonyl groups and replacing essential co-factors of enzymes [7][8][9] . The overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the primary response of plants to Cd 2+ with negative impact on cell function 10 . Further damage can be caused by ROS-independent, secondary mechanisms. Lipid peroxidation is the most deleterious effect caused by Cd 2+ -induced ROS 4 . Malondialdehyde (MDA), one of the decomposition products of lipid peroxidation, can modify active substrates in plant cells, including nucleic acids, proteins and saccharides 11 . To become resistant to Cd 2+ toxicity, plants have developed several strategies, such as inducing the

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“…Cd can immobilize in soil by binding to organic matter, and it is easily taken up and accumulated by plants [4]. Thus, dietary intake of the biotoxic crops could be a severe threat to humans, and the most likely risk is chronic toxicity in humans [5].…”

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Alleviating effects of silicon on cadmium toxicity in ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe)

Chen

Zhang

Kun

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: This study assessed the effects of varying concentrations of silicon (Si) on the reduction of cadmium (2mg/kg Cd) toxicity in Zingiber officinale Rosc. via growth modulation, photosynthetic efficiency, and antioxidant defense.Result: As the Cd level increased, the physiological indexes of ginger exhibited a decreasing trend. This trend was especially noticeable when the Cd level was 2mg/kg. Next, the effect of different content of soil conditioner Si on ginger under 2mg/kg Cd soil background was explored. This effect was assessed under 2mg/kg Cd soil background. The three treatment Si0 (0), Si1 (1g/kg), Si2 (2g/kg) were examined. Morphology indexes, Cd content, Cd transfer and absorption coefficient, photosynthesis, and antioxidant enzyme activities under Cd stress were determined. On day 120 of the experiment, plant height had increased by 18.8% and 24.7% under the Si1 and Si2 treatments compared with the CK treatment. Meanwhile, the fresh weight of the rhizomes in Si1 and Si2 had increased by 14.3% and 19.5% in comparison with the Si0 treatment. Also, the yield of ginger improved dramatically under the Si1 and Si2 treatments. These treatments had increased by 14.3% and 19.5% compared with the CK treatment. The growth of ginger increased after the addition of Si under Cd stress, especially under the Si2 treatment. The Cd content of the mother-ginger, son-ginger, and grandson-ginger decreased by 27.6%, 35.5%, and 51.2%, respectively, under 2mg/kg Cd stress in the Si2 treatment. The Cd transfer was inhibited from the underground to the aboveground in the high-concentration Si treatment (Si2). When 1 g/kg and 2 g/kg Si was added to the soil, the leaf photosynthetic rate increased by 15.1% and 26.9% compared with the CK treatment at 11:00, respectively. Conclusion : Above all, soil conditioner Si could alleviate the negative effects of Cd stress on ginger by improving growth parameters, photosynthetic efficiency and the anti-oxidative defense. Si2 (2g/kg) was the most effective.

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Specific mechanisms of tolerance to copper and cadmium are compromised by a limited concentration of glutathione in alfalfa plants

Cited by 71 publications

References 72 publications

Zinc-Finger Transcription Factor ZAT6 Positively Regulates Cadmium Tolerance through the Glutathione-Dependent Pathway in Arabidopsis

Zinc-Finger Transcription Factor ZAT6 Positively Regulates Cadmium Tolerance through the Glutathione-Dependent Pathway in Arabidopsis

Hydrogen sulfide - cysteine cycle system enhances cadmium tolerance through alleviating cadmium-induced oxidative stress and ion toxicity in Arabidopsis roots

Alleviating effects of silicon on cadmium toxicity in ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe)

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