Specific Cell-Mediated Immune Defect in Active Cytomegalovirus Infection of Young Children and Their Mothers

Gehrz, Richard C.; Marker, Stephen C.; Knorr, Sarah; Kalis, Janal M.; Balfour, Henry H.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(77)90782-6

Cited by 111 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In cell culture, CMV is less destructive than other viruses known to infect man and this is probably related to its capacity to energize the host cell (Isom, 1979). The long term nature of CMV infections in young children, often amounting to the first years of life (Stagno et al, 1975), may be related to the longevity of infected cells in rico with possible protection from the host's immune response (Gehrz et al, 1977;Starr et al, 1979). Assuming cell viability, it is conceivable that infected cells could be rescued from virus control as a consequence of the action of selective antiviral drugs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine Structure of Cells Infected with Human Cytomegalovirus After Treatment with 9-(1,3-Dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine

Mobberley¹,

Ryder²,

Hart³

et al. 1987

Journal of General Virology

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SUMMARYInfection with human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is characterized by cytological changes which are readily visualized by electron microscopy using ultrathin sections of infected cells. Treatment of such cells with 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine (DHPG), a potent inhibitor of CMV, is effective when initiated at early or late times after infection and the response to such treatment has been studied by fine structural analysis. Inhibition of viral DNA synthesis by DHPG treatment (50 laM) late in virus infi:ction resulted in a cessation of virus growth accompanied by a lack of development and possible regression in skein-like intranuclear inclusions together with a depletion in cytoplasmic dense bodies. Such changes were accompanied by the appearance of nuclear dense bodies. These were also present when virus growth was reduced (5 gM-DHPG) rather than completely inhibited (50 gM-DHPG) by treatment initiated from the time of infection. The nuclear bodies were predominantly of a reticular type structure after the early treatment but mainly of a homogeneous form when virus growth was interrupted at late times. Their presence appeared to be connected with the ability of infected cells to initiate the synthesis of late proteins and their morphology may relate to the extent of such protein synthesis. Unlike cytoplasmic dense bodies, provisional findings on the characterization of the nuclear bodies suggested that the 691( matrix protein was not present in abundance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine Structure of Cells Infected with Human Cytomegalovirus After Treatment with 9-(1,3-Dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine

Mobberley¹,

Ryder²,

Hart³

et al. 1987

Journal of General Virology

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“…The virus can be transmitted to the fetus during primary maternal infection in pregnancy, but it can also be transmitted even when maternal infection occurred years prior to conception (24,81). Earlier studies suggested that the increased susceptibility of the fetus to CMV infection could be related to defective cell-mediated immunity (26,67). Recently, the presence of functionally mature cytolytic CD8 ϩ T lymphocytes in newborns with congenital CMV infection was reported (47).…”

Section: Innate Responses To Neonatal Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Innate Immunity to Infectious Agents

Maródi

2006

Infect Immun

147

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“…children excrete the virus in urine and saliva for prolonged periods of time, up to 5 years after infection. Historical studies suggest that the increased susceptibility of the fetus to HCMV infection could be related to defective cell-mediated immune responses (16,17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mature CD8+ T lymphocyte response to viral infection during fetal life

Marchant¹,

Appay²,

Sande³

et al. 2003

J. Clin. Invest.

210

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Immunization of newborns against viral infections may be hampered by ineffective CD8+ T cell responses. To characterize the function of CD8+ T lymphocytes in early life, we studied newborns with congenital human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection. We demonstrate that HCMV infection in utero leads to the expansion and the differentiation of mature HCMV-specific CD8+ T cells, which have similar characteristics to those detected in adults. High frequencies of HCMV-specific CD8+ T cells were detected by ex vivo tetramer staining as early as after 28 weeks of gestation. During the acute phase of infection, these cells had an early differentiation phenotype (CD28–CD27+CD45RO+, perforinlow), and they acquired a late differentiation phenotype (CD28–CD27-CD45RA+, perforinhigh) during the course of the infection. The differentiated cells showed potent perforin-dependent cytolytic activity and produced antiviral cytokines. The finding of a mature and functional CD8+ T cell response to HCMV suggests that the machinery required to prime such responses is in place during fetal life and could be used to immunize newborns against viral pathogens

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Specific Cell-Mediated Immune Defect in Active Cytomegalovirus Infection of Young Children and Their Mothers

Cited by 111 publications

References 5 publications

Fine Structure of Cells Infected with Human Cytomegalovirus After Treatment with 9-(1,3-Dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine

Fine Structure of Cells Infected with Human Cytomegalovirus After Treatment with 9-(1,3-Dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine

Neonatal Innate Immunity to Infectious Agents

Mature CD8+ T lymphocyte response to viral infection during fetal life

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