Specific carotenoids and proteins as prerequisites for chromoplast tubule formation

Emter, Othniel; Falk, H.; Sitte, Peter

doi:10.1007/bf01322645

Cited by 33 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…This model implies that the precursors of carotenes, such as phytoene, phytofluenes, or ^-carotene (Camara and Moneger, 1982), once incorporated into fibrils, probably no longer act as intermediates in the biosynthetic pathway and are probably "dead-end" products. Unlike previously proposed models (Winkenbach et al, 1976;Knoth et al, 1986;Emter et al, 1990), our data suggest that fibrillin does not interact directly with the carotenoid core but only interacts with the polar lipids surrounding the core and, thus, acts as a shield in addition to its role in governing the shape of fibrils.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

“…This is due either to the destabilization of membranes by excess lycopene (Walles, 1971;Simpson et al, 1974) or to the lack of cyclic carotenoids caused by CPTA treatment. Similar observations occurred in flower petal chromoplasts when carotenoids were blocked at the level of phytoene (Emter et al, 1990). To examine whether CPTA affects fibrillin accumulation, we made use of the in vitro-cultured pericarp tissues from bell pepper.…”

Section: Effect Of Carotenoid Bioregulator On Fibril Assembly In Vivomentioning

confidence: 56%

“…SDS-PAGE of Chromoplast membrane fractions revealed the presence of an abundant, ~32-kD polypeptide in fibrils. This polypeptide, termed fibrillin, was similar in size to proteins from fibrils of Japanese rose (Wuttke, 1976), nasturtium (Winkenbach et at., 1976;Emter et al, 1990), and P. barter! (Knoth et al, 1986).…”

Section: In Situ Organization Of Chmmoplast Substructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, fibril formation in chromoplasts may be governed by the proteins associated with carotenoid lipids. Support for this is provided by descriptions of a 30-kD protein from fibrillar chromoplasts of Japanese rose (Wuttke, 1976), nasturtium (Winkenbach et al, 1976;Emter et al, 1990), and Palisofabarferi (Knoth et al, 1986). A biochemical model for fibrillar structures was proposed for nasturtium (Winkenbach et al, 1976) and F!…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fibril assembly and carotenoid overaccumulation in chromoplasts: a model for supramolecular lipoprotein structures.

et al. 1994

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Chromoplast development in ripening bell pepper fruits is characterized by a massive synthesis of carotenoid pigments, resulting in their distinctlve red color. We have shown that 95% of these pigments accumulate in chromoplasts in speclfic lipoprotein fibrils. In addltion to carotenoids, purified fibrils contain galactolipids, phospholipids, and a single, 32-kD protein, designated fibrillin, which has antigenically related counterparts in other species. Fibrlls were reconstltuted in vitro when purified fibrillin was combined with carotenoids and polar llpids in the same stoichlometrlc ratlo found in fibrils in vivo. Antibodies dlrected against fibrillin were used to isolate a fibrillin cDNA clone and, in immunological studies, to follow its accumulation during the chloroplast-tothromoplast transltlon under different condltions. A model for fibril amhitecture is proposed wherein carotenoids accumulate in the center of the fibrils and are surrounded by a layer of polar lipids, which in turn are surrounded by an outer layer of fibrillin. Topological analysis of purlfied fibrils verified this structure. Collectively, these results suggest that the process of fibrll self-assembly in chromoplasts 1s an example of a general phenomenon shared among cells that target excess membrane llpids into deposit structures to avoid their destabilizing or toxic effects. In addition, we have shown that abscisic acid stimulates this phenomenon in chromoplasts, whereas gibberellic acid and auxin delay it.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

Section: Effect Of Carotenoid Bioregulator On Fibril Assembly In Vivomentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: In Situ Organization Of Chmmoplast Substructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fibril assembly and carotenoid overaccumulation in chromoplasts: a model for supramolecular lipoprotein structures.

et al. 1994

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“…PGs in chromoplasts of red bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) fruits, as well as colored flower petals, accumulate high levels of carotenoids (xanthophyll esters), a-tocopherol, and some plastoquinone and often have a fibrillar or tubular shape (Emter et al, 1990;Deruere et al, 1994). Their carotenoids, tocopherols, and quinones are sequestered in the central core, and the hydrophobic tails of the polar galacto-and phospholipids are oriented in a monolayer toward the core, whereas their polar head groups are oriented outward, interacting with a protein coat (Deruere et al, 1994).…”

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confidence: 99%

Protein Profiling of Plastoglobules in Chloroplasts and Chromoplasts. A Surprising Site for Differential Accumulation of Metabolic Enzymes

2006

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Plastoglobules (PGs) are oval or tubular lipid-rich structures present in all plastid types, but their specific functions are unclear. PGs contain quinones, a-tocopherol, and lipids and, in chromoplasts, carotenoids as well. It is not known whether PGs contain any enzymes or regulatory proteins. Here, we determined the proteome of PGs from chloroplasts of stressed and unstressed leaves of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) as well as from pepper (Capsicum annuum) fruit chromoplasts using mass spectrometry. Together, this showed that the proteome of chloroplast PGs consists of seven fibrillins, providing a protein coat and preventing coalescence of the PGs, and an additional 25 proteins likely involved in metabolism of isoprenoid-derived molecules (quinines and tocochromanols), lipids, and carotenoid cleavage. Four unknown ABC1 kinases were identified, possibly involved in regulation of quinone monooxygenases. Most proteins have not been observed earlier but have predicted N-terminal chloroplast transit peptides and lack transmembrane domains, consistent with localization in the PG lipid monolayer particles. Quantitative differences in PG composition in response to high light stress and degreening were determined by differential stable-isotope labeling using formaldehyde. More than 20 proteins were identified in the PG proteome of pepper chromoplasts, including four enzymes of carotenoid biosynthesis and several homologs of proteins observed in the chloroplast PGs. Our data strongly suggest that PGs in chloroplasts form a functional metabolic link between the inner envelope and thylakoid membranes and play a role in breakdown of carotenoids and oxidative stress defense, whereas PGs in chromoplasts are also an active site for carotenoid conversions.

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Plant Colour and Fragrance

Davies¹

2000

Metabolic Engineering of Plant Secondary Metabolism

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Specific carotenoids and proteins as prerequisites for chromoplast tubule formation

Cited by 33 publications

References 29 publications

Fibril assembly and carotenoid overaccumulation in chromoplasts: a model for supramolecular lipoprotein structures.

Fibril assembly and carotenoid overaccumulation in chromoplasts: a model for supramolecular lipoprotein structures.

Protein Profiling of Plastoglobules in Chloroplasts and Chromoplasts. A Surprising Site for Differential Accumulation of Metabolic Enzymes

Plant Colour and Fragrance

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