Species turnover drives β-diversity patterns across multiple spatial and temporal scales in Great Lake Coastal Wetland Communities

Langer, Thomas A.; Murry, Brent A.; Pangle, Kevin L.; Uzarski, Donald G

doi:10.1007/s10750-016-2762-2

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Few studies have employed measures of temporal β‐diversity, sensu Baselga (2010), to explore seasonal changes in community composition. Most of these concluded (as we did here) that strong seasonality is associated with elevated temporal turnover (Langer et al 2016, Maicher et al 2018, de Deus et al 2020, Duarte et al 2022). Even fewer studies have compared seasonal patterns of temporal β‐diversity between distinct habitat types.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…However, our study has a notable limitation as it only covers one annual hydrological cycle and does not account for the effects of extreme episodic events. These events can significantly alter turnover and nestedness rates beyond typical seasonal ranges (Hatosy et al 2013, Langer et al 2016, Pilotto et al 2020). In aquatic ecosystems, such events may include extreme dry periods (Baruch et al 2022), exceptional spates or flood levels (Resh et al 1988, Saito et al 2021), sudden extreme deoxygenation events (Henderson et al 1998), and fluctuations in nutrient availability or other physico‐chemical water properties (Cook et al 2018, Kraus et al 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geomorphological habitat type drives variation in temporal species turnover but not temporal nestedness in Amazonian fish assemblages

Bogotá-Gregory

Jenkins

Lima

et al. 2023

Oikos

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Explaining the mechanisms underlying spatial and temporal variation in community composition is a major challenge. Nevertheless, the processes controlling temporal variation at a site (i.e. temporal β‐diversity, including its turnover and nestedness components) are less understood than those affecting variation among sites (i.e. spatial β‐diversity). Short‐term temporal turnover (e.g. throughout an annual cycle) is expected to correlate positively with seasonal environmental variability and landscape connectivity, but also species pool size (γ‐diversity). We use the megadiverse Amazonian freshwater ichthyofauna as a model to ask whether seasonality and landscape connectivity drive variation in temporal species turnover among geomorphological habitat types, while accounting for between‐habitat variation in γ‐diversity. We collected 11 397 fish representing 260 species during a year‐long sampling program from an area containing the lowland Amazon's four major geomorphological habitat types: rivers, floodplains, terra firme streams, and shield streams. River‐floodplain systems exhibit strong but predictable seasonality (via a high‐amplitude annual flood pulse), high connectivity, and high species richness with many rare species. Terra firme and shield streams exhibit low seasonality, low connectivity, and low species richness with proportionally fewer rare species. Based on these parameters we predicted that river‐floodplain systems should have higher temporal turnover than stream systems. Using a null model approach combined with β‐deviation calculations, we confirmed that rivers and floodplains do exhibit higher turnover (but not nestedness) than terra firme and shield streams, even when controlling for the potentially confounding effect of higher species richness in river‐floodplain systems. All habitats exhibit low temporal nestedness, indicating that short‐term changes in community composition result primarily from temporal species turnover. Our results provide a timely reminder that efforts to conserve the Amazon's threatened aquatic biodiversity should account for the distinct temporal dynamics of habitat types and variation in hydrological seasonality.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomorphological habitat type drives variation in temporal species turnover but not temporal nestedness in Amazonian fish assemblages

Bogotá-Gregory

Jenkins

Lima

et al. 2023

Oikos

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“…Our findings underscore the importance of utilizing various diversity indices to conduct a comprehensive assessment of biological communities. We observed that the turnover component made the most significant contribution to beta diversity, indicating the need for conservation efforts to prioritize the establishment of different protected areas (Langer et al, 2016), since turnover dominance implies an approach considering multiple sites within a region, to ensure the protection of the greatest number of species (Socolar et al, 2016; Wright & Reeves, 1992). Considering the significant loss of species richness and abundance, along with the decline in functional richness identified in our study, it becomes imperative to continue environmental monitoring efforts, engage in discussions to mitigate local anthropogenic impacts, and establish conservation practices to ensure the preservation of biodiversity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Turnover has emerged as the predominant factor shaping the structure of the ichthyofauna over the assessed time frame, indicating a relatively dynamic composition over time. The majority of species exhibited low occurrence frequencies, potentially associated with their seasonal nature, as they inhabit specific locations during particular seasons or life stages (Langer et al, 2016), thus contributing to the observed high species turnover. Moreover, the high turnover within this ecosystem could be attributed to distinct local environmental conditions, where the environmental gradient acts as a selective filter, favoring species with specific physiological requirements (Baselga, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interdecadal changes in ichthyofauna in a tropical bay with high anthropogenic influences: functional stability despite turnover predominance

de Sousa Gomes‐Gonçalves,

Araújo

2023

Journal of Fish Biology

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Functional characteristics of species are of great importance for understanding their roles in ecosystems and can be used to detect long‐term chances in the environment. We evaluated temporal changes (1983‐1985 and 2017‐2019) in taxonomic and functional indices of the fish fauna in shallow areas of a tropical bay heavily impacted by anthropogenic activities in recent decades. The hypothesis that functional indices change over time as a result of environmental degradation was tested. Our results showed a significant decrease in species richness and abundance over time, and in functional richness, while others functional diversity indices (divergency, evenness and originality) remained stable. Thirteen functional groups were detected, some of which contained only one species, raising concerns about the loss of ecosystem functions due to ongoing changes. We also observed an increase in beta diversity over time, which may be the result of a decrease in local richness without leading to regional extinctions. Turnover was the most important process in structuring the fish fauna at the evaluated time scale. The relative stability of the functional structure and the higher levels of turnover seem to be related to the dominance of functional groups, within which species replace each other according to their responses to environmental filters that select for specific functional traits. Incorporating functional diversity indices and beta diversity variations in the fish community helped to enhance the existing information about this coastal system by offering improved estimates of biological diversity through diverse approaches. The predominance of turnover identified in the preset study suggests a dynamic and fluctuating species composition within the habitat. In this sense, habitat preservation should prioritize the protection of diverse habitats to accommodate a broad spectrum of species.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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“…However, our previous study, based on a different regional dataset, demonstrated that only a small proportion of variation in diversity can be consistently attributed to physical habitat drivers (Kovalenko et al 2018). Smaller-scale habitat factors (water quality, habitat alteration), high connectivity and resulting recolonization, and species turnover caused by harsh winter conditions (Langer et al 2016) likely override the importance of at least some of the watershed stressors. Previous studies of biodiversity identified the importance of habitat complexity (including habitat variables not measured in our study) for both tropical freshwater riverine fish (Ribeiro et al 2016) and coral reef fish (Richardson et al 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Hotspots and bright spots in functional and taxonomic fish diversity

Kovalenko¹,

Johnson

Brady

et al. 2019

Freshwater Science

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Planning for freshwater conservation is often secondary to that for terrestrial protected areas and rarely considers all aspects of biodiversity, such as functional biodiversity. To illustrate the application of functional diversity in conservation planning, we used data from a large-scale monitoring program to characterize patterns in functional and taxonomic fish biodiversity across coastal freshwater wetlands in northern Laurentian Great Lakes. We assessed the relationship between these 2 types of diversity to identify areas most likely to maximize conservation benefits in terms of these dimensions of biodiversity. In addition, we used an outlier analysis to find areas with unexpectedly high taxonomic or functional diversity in highly impacted watersheds, or bright spots. Taxonomic and functional fish diversity metrics were not closely related, and different areas across the basin supported highest taxonomic and functional diversities. Several bright spots had either very high taxonomic richness or functional diversity despite intensive anthropogenic land use, possibly indicating high resilience and conservation potential. These findings are relevant in the context of freshwater protected area prioritization because there are few guidelines available for nomination and selection of new freshwater protected areas.

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Species turnover drives β-diversity patterns across multiple spatial and temporal scales in Great Lake Coastal Wetland Communities

Cited by 15 publications

References 44 publications

Geomorphological habitat type drives variation in temporal species turnover but not temporal nestedness in Amazonian fish assemblages

Geomorphological habitat type drives variation in temporal species turnover but not temporal nestedness in Amazonian fish assemblages

Interdecadal changes in ichthyofauna in a tropical bay with high anthropogenic influences: functional stability despite turnover predominance

Hotspots and bright spots in functional and taxonomic fish diversity

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