Species distribution modeling for wild boar (Sus scropa) in the Republic of Korea using MODIS data

Kim, Eu-Tteum; Pak, Son‐Il

doi:10.13041/jpvm.2020.44.2.89

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This approach has been adopted in multiple studies for the estimation of WB population in a given area (Fernández et al., 2006; Jordt et al., 2016; Lange & Thulke, 2017). Also, the estimated WB distribution is in line with the previous findings that WB habitat in South Korea is mainly on mountain forest areas (Choi et al., 2006; Kim & Pak, 2020). However, a previous study has demonstrated that the landscapes with different WB population density affect the estimated values of ASF transmission parameters (Pepin et al., 2020).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Understanding the transmission of African swine fever in wild boars of South Korea: A simulation study for parameter estimation

Han

Yoo

Pak

et al. 2021

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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Since the introduction of African swine fever (ASF) to Georgia in 2007, the disease has spread to many other countries including South Korea. Initial detection of ASF from wild boars (WB) in South Korea was reported in early October 2019. Since then, more than a thousand WB samples collected from the northern part of the country have been confirmed as ASF positive (2.9% of ASF positivity among WB samples collected until June 2020), indicating that the disease is endemic in the WB populations. To control the disease, multiple layers of fence‐lines have been erected. Nevertheless, outbreaks continuously occurred across the fence, requiring a better understanding of the spatial transmission mechanism of ASF in WBs. Hence, we developed a novel ASF transmission model to estimate ecological and epidemiological parameters related to the spread of the disease in the WB population of South Korea. The results showed that roads and rivers were effective to prevent the spread, reducing the transmission rate to approximately 37% on average. Only a limited level of reduction was indicated via fence‐lines, implying erection of fences might be considered as a temporary measure to delay the spread. This study also revealed that the probability of ASF transmission to adjacent habitats considerably decreased with increasing distance, supporting the slow spatial transmission speed reported from other European countries. Considering that elucidation of ASF dynamics in WB is crucial to mitigate the impact of the disease, we believe this study provides some useful ecological and epidemiological implications to control the disease in future.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Understanding the transmission of African swine fever in wild boars of South Korea: A simulation study for parameter estimation

Han

Yoo

Pak

et al. 2021

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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“…ASF in wild boar have been spread into the mountain ranges, whose environment is more suitable to wild boars ( Fig. 2 ) [ 24 ]; thus, the higher density of wild boars results in increased contact rate between the animals (density-dependent contact rate in wild boars [ 32 ]), thereby resulting in the increased R 0 ( Fig. 5 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To identify the association between the basic reproduction number and environmental conditions of each cluster, we applied the habitat suitability of wild boar, extracted from the species distribution model (SDM) of wild boar developed by Kim and Pak [ 24 ]. SDM shows the quantitative continuous index for the environment suitability for wild boar on the base of environmental variables.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic reproduction number of African swine fever in wild boars (Sus scrofa) and its spatiotemporal heterogeneity in South Korea

et al. 2021

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Background African swine fever (ASF) is a hemorrhagic fever occurring in wild boars ( Sus scrofa ) and domestic pigs. The epidemic situation of ASF in South Korean wild boars has increased the risk of ASF in domestic pig farms. Although basic reproduction number (R 0 ) can be applied for control policies, it is challenging to estimate the R 0 for ASF in wild boars due to surveillance bias, lack of wild boar population data, and the effect of ASF-positive wild boar carcass on disease dynamics. Objectives This study was undertaken to estimate the R 0 of ASF in wild boars in South Korea, and subsequently analyze the spatiotemporal heterogeneity. Methods We detected the local transmission clusters using the spatiotemporal clustering algorithm, which was modified to incorporate the effect of ASF-positive wild boar carcass. With the assumption of exponential growth, R 0 was estimated for each cluster. The temporal change of the estimates and its association with the habitat suitability of wild boar were analyzed. Results Totally, 22 local transmission clusters were detected, showing seasonal patterns occurring in winter and spring. Mean value of R 0 of each cluster was 1.54. The estimates showed a temporal increasing trend and positive association with habitat suitability of wild boar. Conclusions The disease dynamics among wild boars seems to have worsened over time. Thus, in areas with a high elevation and suitable for wild boars, practical methods need to be contrived to ratify the control policies for wild boars.

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“…Te QAH proposed by Bosch et al is a tool that quantifes and evaluates the optimal habitat for wild boars on seven levels (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 1.75, and 2) [29]. NDVI is the index measuring the quantity, quality, and development of vegetation and, thus, frequently used as one of the predictors for the species distribution model [30,31]. In this study, the NDVI for each sensor camera location during the study period was downloaded from the database [32].…”

Section: Response and Explanatorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an Effective Oral Vaccine Dissemination Strategy against Classical Swine Fever for Wild Boar in Gifu Prefecture, Japan

Itō

Bosch

Aguilar-Vega

et al. 2023

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

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In September 2018, classical swine fever (CSF) reemerged in Japan after more than a quarter of a century. After the first notification on a pig farm, wild boars positive for CSF were found continuously in the surrounding area. Gifu was the first prefecture in Japan to disseminate oral vaccines to wild boars in March 2019, with vaccines spread to approximately 14,000 sites between 2019 and 2020. While these diligent measures seemed to have shown some effectiveness, several vaccine spray sites remained without wild boar emergence. Based on the vaccine dissemination records from these periods, this study conducted a statistical analysis to propose more effective vaccine dissemination sites. First, a generalized linear mixed model was used to identify factors correlated with wild boar emergence. Then, two spatial interpolation methods, inverse distance weighted (IDW) and Kriging, were adopted to create a probability map of wild boar emergence for the entire Gifu Prefecture. The analysis showed a positive correlation between wild boar emergence and the appearance of raccoons, raccoon dogs, and crows as well as road density and wild boar distribution index. In particular, raccoon (OR: 1.83, 95%CI: 1.25–2.68, p < 0.001), raccoon dog (OR: 1.81, 95%CI: 1.25–2.66, p < 0.001), and medium level road density (OR: 1.56, 95%CI: 1.04–2.39, p = 0.04) were strongly correlated with wild boar emergence. The spatial interpolation approach resulted in better prediction accuracy for the Kriging method than for IDW by the root mean square error, but both approaches identified a high wild boar appearance probability area in southeastern Gifu and a low appearance probability area in central Gifu. Here we have demonstrated a tool to effectively disperse oral vaccine to wildlife.

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Species distribution modeling for wild boar (Sus scropa) in the Republic of Korea using MODIS data

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Understanding the transmission of African swine fever in wild boars of South Korea: A simulation study for parameter estimation

Understanding the transmission of African swine fever in wild boars of South Korea: A simulation study for parameter estimation

Basic reproduction number of African swine fever in wild boars (Sus scrofa) and its spatiotemporal heterogeneity in South Korea

Development of an Effective Oral Vaccine Dissemination Strategy against Classical Swine Fever for Wild Boar in Gifu Prefecture, Japan

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