Species Differences in Circulating 17-Hydroxycorticosteroid Concentrations.

Abstract

SPECIES DIFFERENCES I N I 7-HYDROXYCORTICOSTEROIDS 7injection, the solubilizer used and the handling of the animals, particularly after irradiation, were not involved in either the rate of mortality or the total mortality because if they had been, definite differences in both of these factors would have shown up in the pre-and post-irradiation methylglucamine groups. The non-irradiated control groups and the salinemethylglucamine and flavonoid injected control groups had no deaths during the experimental period or at any time thereafter up to 60 days. This indicates that the deaths obtained in the medicated irradiated groups were not due to the flavonoids themselves. Discussion.The results herein reported concerning the ineffectiveness of parenterally administered rutin, hesperidin, hesperidin methyl chalcone, and naringin in modifying Roentgen ray irradiation mortality in guinea pigs confirm the observations of Dauer and Coon ( 10) who gave rutin, hesperidin methyl chalcone, and citrus vitamin P by the oral route. The results of previous investigators (2,4,7,10) as well as our own would definitely indicate that the flavonoids are incapable of modifying the radiation syndrome in mice, rats, guinea pigs, or dogs. Summary.It has been shown that rutin, hesperidin, hesperidin methylchalcone, and naringin were ineffective in modifying Roent-gen ray irradiation lethality in guinea pigs. There was an indication that post-irradiation medication with rutin may have increased the rate of mortality.

Guinea pig adrenocortical cells: in vitro characterization of separated zonal cell types.

“…A, 70% ZG cells; O, 75% ZF cells. zona glomerulosa cells is similar to those produced by the guinea pig in vivo (13,14). Thus, the steroidogenic capability and responsiveness to ACTH of these cells were maintained after cell separation.…”

“…Separated ceils in culture were shown by thin layer chromatography, fluorometric analysis, radioimmunoassay, and HPLC to be producing corticosteroids and to respond to ACTH treatment with enhanced steroidogenesis. Qualitatively, the array of steroids secreted by the separated zona fasciculata and zona glomerulosa cells is similar to those produced by the guinea pig in vivo (13,14). Thus, the steroidogenic capability and responsiveness to ACTH of these cells were maintained after cell separation.…”

“…To examine the behavior of the separated cells after plating, cultures were examined by phase contrast and electron microscopy at different time intervals (Figs. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. The attached cells recovered from the changes in mitochondria and smooth endoplasmic reticulum which took place during isolation and separation (Figs.…”

“…The guinea pig adrenal, on the other hand, has a cortex with four morphologically distinct zones' and clearly distinguishable cell types (8). It secretes cortisol, corticosterone, aldosterone, cortisone, l l-deoxycortisol (14), l l-fl-hydroxyandrostenedione, and androstenedione (13). In addition, it is capable of synthesizing conjugated steroids such as dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (24,25,39).…”

Isolated guinea pig adrenocortical cells in vitro: Morphology and steroidogenesis in control and ACTH‐treated cultures

“…The guinea pig is of particular interest because, unlike most laboratory animals, cortisol is one of its major secretory products. In addition to cortisol it secretes corticosterone, aldosterone, cortisone, 11 deoxycortisol (Done et al, 1952), 11 P-hydroxyandrostenedione, and androstenedione (Desphande et al, 19711, as well as dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (Jones and Griffiths, 1968;Lipsett and Hokfelt, 1961;"rout et al, 1967). Its steroid biosynthetic pathway thus has many similarities to the human adrenal, and, like the human adrenal, it has a requirement for ascorbic acid.…”