Species clarification of the prize medicinal Ganoderma mushroom “Lingzhi”

Cao, Yun; Wu, Sheng-Hua; Dai, Yu-Cheng

doi:10.1007/s13225-012-0178-5

Cited by 209 publications

(284 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Ganoderma lucidum and G. lingzhi sequences were used in this analysis to determine the identity of G32 isolate. Based on the papers by Cao et al (2012), Yang and Feng (2013), and Dai et al (2013), G. lingzhi was mainly reported in East Asia (warm temperate and subtropical regions) with pale yellowish to sulphur yellowish pore surface, whereas G. lucidum was commonly isolated from Eurasia (Europe) continent with a cream to whitish pore surface. In the same studies, both G. lingzhi and G. lucidum were observed to form separate clades (Cao et al 2012; Yang and Feng 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the papers by Cao et al (2012), Yang and Feng (2013), and Dai et al (2013), G. lingzhi was mainly reported in East Asia (warm temperate and subtropical regions) with pale yellowish to sulphur yellowish pore surface, whereas G. lucidum was commonly isolated from Eurasia (Europe) continent with a cream to whitish pore surface. In the same studies, both G. lingzhi and G. lucidum were observed to form separate clades (Cao et al 2012; Yang and Feng 2013). Similar to the observation recorded in the current study, G. lingzhi G32 and a few other G. lingzhi isolates formed a separate clade and branched from G. lucidum isolates (Figure 2(b)).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental mixture design as a tool to optimize the growth of variousGanodermaspecies cultivated on media with different sugars

Goh¹,

Marzuki²,

Tan³

et al. 2016

Mycology

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The influence of different medium components (glucose, sucrose, and fructose) on the growth of different Ganoderma isolates and species was investigated using mixture design. Ten sugar combinations based on three simple sugars were generated with two different concentrations, namely 3.3% and 16.7%, which represented low and high sugar levels, respectively. The media were adjusted to either pH 5 or 8. Ganoderma isolates (two G. boninense from oil palm, one Ganoderma species from coconut palm, G. lingzhi, and G. australe from tower tree) grew faster at pH 8. Ganoderma lingzhi proliferated at the slowest rate compared to all other tested Ganoderma species in all the media studied. However, G. boninense isolates grew the fastest. Different Ganoderma species were found to have different sugar preferences. This study illustrated that the mixture design can be used to determine the optimal combinations of sugar or other nutrient/chemical components of media for fungal growth.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental mixture design as a tool to optimize the growth of variousGanodermaspecies cultivated on media with different sugars

Goh¹,

Marzuki²,

Tan³

et al. 2016

Mycology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While Cao et al (2012) found that Ling-zhi represented an independent lineage, and a new species, Ganoderma lingzhi Sheng H. Wu, Y. Cao & Y.C. Dai, was introduced for the cultivated Ling-zhi (Cao et al 2012; Zhou et al 2015). In 2013, G. lingzhi was nominated as the fungus of the year for Mycology (Yang & Feng 2013).…”

Section: Research On Ling-zhimentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Ling-zhi industry in China – emanated from the artificial cultivation in the Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IMCAS)

Dong

Wen

et al. 2016

Mycology

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Ling-zhi is a medicinal herb that generally refers to a fungus in the genus Ganoderma. It has been used as a medicinal mushroom in traditional Chinese medicine for more than 2000 years. Mycologists at the Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IMCAS) first artificially cultivated the Ling-zhi fruiting body in the late 1960s (X.J. Liu’s team). In IMCAS, different research teams have extensively studied Ling-zhi in the aspects of national resource surveys, systematic taxonomy, chemical analysis, and processing for medicinal and health applications. The research results from IMCAS have provided essential support and prompted the development of the Ling-zhi industry in China to some extent. This review aims to summarize the history of research on Ling-zhi in IMCAS and its role in the development of the Ling-zhi economy.

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“…Nevertheless, it still should go a long way towards the natural classification of Ganoderma. Recently, Cao et al [67] performed a phylogenetic analysis of Ganoderma subgen. Ganoderma P. Karst.…”

Section: Ganodermamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(generic type), which was originally described from the UK; this species was newly described as Ganoderma lingzhi Sheng H. Wu, Y. Cao & Y.C. Dai ( Figure 4) with basidiocarp images and microscopic illustration [67]. The distribution of the real G. lucidum was updated as from Europe to Northeast China [67].…”

Section: Ganodermamentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress report on the study of wood-decaying fungi in China

Zhou

Dai

2012

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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This study addressed three important aims: (1) undermining the previously obtained raw data about wood-decaying fungi (WDF) distribution and continuously investigating permanent plots to address certain scientific questions in ecology, (2) resolving the higher-level phylogeny of WDF with the help of multiple loci, and (3) testing and estimating the medicinal values of species that are closely related to well-known medicinal species. More than 1200 species and 2469 strains of WDF in China were identified from 28908 specimens collected from a series of field investigations. Using these materials, studies in multiple disciplines, such as ecology, taxonomy and phylogeny, and medicine, have been performed. With respect to ecology, the diversity of wood-decaying polypores significantly differed among a boreal forest zone, a temperate and warm temperate forest zone, and a tropical and subtropical forest zone. For instance, from north to south, the number and proportion of brown-rot species and the proportion of species found on fallen trunks were both decreased. The ecological patterns of wood-decaying polypores on gymnosperm and angiosperm trees were also explored by a case study in Northeast China. Although the total species richness was similar between the two tree groups, several other characteristics were significantly different, such as community structure and richness in certain substrates. The taxonomy and phylogeny of wide samples were referred to and their phylogenetic positions were resolved or at least partially established. In particular, phylogenetic knowledge about four genera, Fomitiporia, Ganoderma, Inonotus and Perenniporia, which include medicinal species, was essential for further research to determine the medicinal values of these types of fungi. Among these medicinal species, we mainly focused on Inonotus obliquus for its medicinal purposes. Polyphenols, polysaccharides and lanostane-type triterpenoids, extracted from the sterile conk of this species, could dramatically decrease levels of free radicals, DPPH and hydroxyl radicals, respectively. The metabolic profiles (both production and composition) of cultured I. obliquus mycelia could be altered by co-culture with other medicinal species or by induction of S-nitrosylation and denitrosylation, which may enhance the antioxidant capacity of I. obliquus.

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Species clarification of the prize medicinal Ganoderma mushroom “Lingzhi”

Cited by 209 publications

References 52 publications

Experimental mixture design as a tool to optimize the growth of variousGanodermaspecies cultivated on media with different sugars

Experimental mixture design as a tool to optimize the growth of variousGanodermaspecies cultivated on media with different sugars

Development of Ling-zhi industry in China – emanated from the artificial cultivation in the Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IMCAS)

Progress report on the study of wood-decaying fungi in China

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