Species- and concentration-dependent differences of acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase sensitivity to physostigmine and neostigmine

Bitzinger, Diane; Gruber, Michael; Tümmler, Simon; Michels, B; Bundscherer, Anika; Hopf, Susanne; Trabold, Benedikt; Graf, Bernhard M.; Zausig, York

doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.01.005

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…At t = 24 h, we observed reduced activity in the control group, but not in the treatment or sham groups. The necessity and precise physiological function of BChE remain largely unknown [16, 26]. BChE is synthesized in the liver [17] and has therefore been conventionally used as a liver function biomarker.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Vivo Effects of Neostigmine and Physostigmine on Neutrophil Functions and Evaluation of Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase as Inflammatory Markers during Experimental Sepsis in Rats

Bitzinger

Gruber

Tümmler

et al. 2019

Mediators of Inflammation

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Introduction Recent studies have shown that acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) may serve as important diagnostic and therapeutic targets in sepsis. Since polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) play a pivotal role in the early phase of sepsis, we evaluated the potential therapeutic effects of cholinesterase inhibitors on PMN functions during cecal ligation and puncture- (CLP-) induced sepsis and investigated the roles of AChE and BChE as inflammatory markers under standardized experimental conditions. Methods Sham surgery or CLP was performed in male Wistar rats (n = 60). Animals were randomized into four groups: physostigmine, 100 μg/kg; neostigmine, 75 μg/kg; 0.9% saline (control group); and sham group, each applied four times over 24 h. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and CD11b/CD62l expression were quantified by flow cytometry at t = 0, 6, 15, 20, and 24 h. Blood gas analysis as well as AChE and BChE activity levels was measured by validated point-of-care measurements. Clinical scores and survival times were determined. Results CLP induced a significant increase in ROS production and CD11b upregulation by rat PMNs. Treatment with physostigmine or neostigmine significantly reduced ROS production and CD11b upregulation by PMNs 20 h after CLP induction. In physostigmine-treated animals, survival times were significantly improved compared to the control animals, but not in neostigmine-treated animals. While AChE activity significantly decreased in the control animals at t > 6 h, AChE activity did not change in the sham group. BChE activity decreased at t > 20 h in the control animals. Conclusion While AChE activity may serve as an acute inflammatory marker, BChE activity shows a delayed decrease. Administration of centrally acting physostigmine in CLP-induced sepsis in rats has protective effects on PMN functions and improves survival times, which may be of interest in clinical practice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The production of TNB was monitored at 470 nm. Enzymatic activities were expressed as U/L for BChE and as U/gHb for AChE according to the manufacturer's instructions [26].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Effects of Neostigmine and Physostigmine on Neutrophil Functions and Evaluation of Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase as Inflammatory Markers during Experimental Sepsis in Rats

Bitzinger

Gruber

Tümmler

et al. 2019

Mediators of Inflammation

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“…ACh is an endogenous neurotransmitter, and it has been identified as a key element in the homeostatic control of several physiological responses [41]. AChE is the main enzyme that hydrolyzes ACh in the periphery and CNS, thereby regulating the ACh concentration via degradation [42]. Additionally, ACh hydrolysis is catalyzed by a less-related specific enzyme, BuChE, which is present in the blood serum, pancreas, liver, and CNS [43].…”

Section: Discussion/conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Increased Central Cholinergic Activity on the Metabolic Challenge Induced by Submaximal Exercise in Rats: Adrenomedullary Secretion Influences

et al. 2021

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Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the influence of adrenomedullary secretion on the plasma glucose, lactate, and free fatty acids (FFAs) during running exercise in rats submitted to intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of physostigmine (PHY). PHY i.c.v. was used to activate the central cholinergic system. Methods: Wistar rats were divided into sham-saline (sham-SAL), sham-PHY, adrenal medullectomy-SAL, and ADM-PHY groups. The plasma concentrations of glucose, lactate, and FFAs were determined immediately before and after i.c.v. injection of 20 μL of SAL or PHY at rest and during running exercise on a treadmill. Results: The i.c.v. injection of PHY at rest increased plasma glucose in the sham group, but not in the ADM group. An increase in plasma glucose, lactate, and FFAs mobilization from adipose tissue was observed during physical exercise in the sham-SAL group; however, the increase in plasma glucose was greater with i.c.v. PHY. Moreover, the hyperglycemia induced by exercise and PHY in the ADM group were blunted by ADM, whereas FFA mobilization was unaffected. Conclusion: These results indicate that there is a dual metabolic control by which activation of the central cholinergic pathway increases plasma glucose but not FFA during rest and exercise, and that this hyperglycemic response is dependent on adrenomedullary secretion.

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Effects of Neostigmine and Physostigmine on Activity of Na+,K+-ATPase in Various Subdivisions of Rat Brain

2018

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Species- and concentration-dependent differences of acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase sensitivity to physostigmine and neostigmine

Cited by 8 publications

References 29 publications

In Vivo Effects of Neostigmine and Physostigmine on Neutrophil Functions and Evaluation of Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase as Inflammatory Markers during Experimental Sepsis in Rats

In Vivo Effects of Neostigmine and Physostigmine on Neutrophil Functions and Evaluation of Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase as Inflammatory Markers during Experimental Sepsis in Rats

Effects of Increased Central Cholinergic Activity on the Metabolic Challenge Induced by Submaximal Exercise in Rats: Adrenomedullary Secretion Influences

Effects of Neostigmine and Physostigmine on Activity of Na+,K+-ATPase in Various Subdivisions of Rat Brain

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