Species and Characteristics of Particles for Traditional Red and Green Pigments used in Temples

Yoo, Young Mi; Han, Min; Lee, Jang Jon

doi:10.12654/jcs.2014.30.4.05

Cited by 10 publications

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“…As con rmed through SEM, ne spherical particles of the green pigment aggregated to form a single mass as a botryoidal structure. In previous studies, hematite was reported to be at-like, and large with small aggregates layered together [20]. Hematite is known to appear as aggregates of brous crystals, or as mica hematite in a at shape in sheets.…”

Section: Table 2 Results Of Sem-eds Mapping Analysismentioning

confidence: 97%

Analysis of Characteristics Pigment And Paper Excavated At The Site of Hoeamsa Temple (12th-Century), Korea

Mun

Lee³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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One paper fragment and three pigments were excavated from earthenware found in the Hoeamsa Temple site (Historic Site No. 128), which is presumed to have been constructed in the 12th century. This study identifies the types and characteristics of the paper and pigments through methods such as fiber identification, pigment component analysis, and crystal structure analysis. Using the Graff 'C' staining method, the paper fragment is identified as paper-mulberry bast fiber (B. kazinoki Siebold), and according to radiocarbon dating results, the paper is believed to be from the Joseon Dynasty, between 1460 and 1640, which is when the Hoeamsa temple was believed to have been rebuilt. The green pigment consists of cerussite, malachite, and ataccamite, while quartz, muscovite, and illite were detected in the white pigment, and quartz, hematite, illite, and kaolinite were detected in the red pigment. The L* value ranged from 41.59 to 79.05. The white pigment showed the highest brightness value at 79.05, while the green pigment was measured at 58.20 and the red pigment at 41.59. The a* value ranged from -2.25 to 22.75: the a* value of the red pigment was the highest at 22.75, the green pigment was the lowest at -2.25. The b* value ranged from 7.44 to 26.26: the b*value of the red pigment was the highest at 26.26 and the white pigment was the lowest at 7.44.These scientific data identified the raw materials of paper used during the Joseon Dynasty. In addition, the data can be used for repair and restoration of ancient dancheong (traditional Korean decorative coloring on wooden buildings and artifacts) by analyzing the composition of pigments and identifying the characteristics of crystal structure.

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Section: Table 2 Results Of Sem-eds Mapping Analysismentioning

confidence: 97%

Analysis of Characteristics Pigment And Paper Excavated At The Site of Hoeamsa Temple (12th-Century), Korea

Mun

Lee³

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

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Non-invasive mineral analysis of pigments of wall paintings in the Sungseonjeon Hall

2022

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A case study on Hoeamsa Temple, Korea: technical examination and identification of pigments and paper unearthed from the temple site

Mun

Lee

et al. 2022

Herit Sci

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This study applied various scientific analyses to one fragment of paper and three pigments excavated from earthenware found in the Hoeamsa Temple site at Yangju, Korea, which is believed to have been built in the early twelfth century. Radiocarbon dating of the paper fragment suggests a manufacture date between 1460 and 1646 (at a 95% confidence interval). It was estimated to have been used during the early and middle period of the Joseon dynasty (1391–1776), when the Hoeamsa Temple site was rebuilt. In addition, by staining the fiber of the paper fragment with Graff “C” stain, the paper’s raw material was identified as paper mulberry through dislocation, cross-marking, and transparent membrane, which are characteristics of the bast fiber. Efforts were made to identify their material properties and manufacturing techniques of the three types of pigments. Color difference analysis was performed by distributing the pigments in large areas to reveal characteristic differences according to the color difference of the pigment. We found that green-type pigments are malachite and atacamite, red-type pigments are hematite based on the element Fe, and white-type pigments are quartz and muscovite based on the elements Si and Al. In addition, as the size distribution of the three types of pigments is wide and has a multi-peak distribution curve, it was concluded that the pigments were used without purification.

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Species and Characteristics of Particles for Traditional Red and Green Pigments used in Temples

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Analysis of Characteristics Pigment And Paper Excavated At The Site of Hoeamsa Temple (12th-Century), Korea

Analysis of Characteristics Pigment And Paper Excavated At The Site of Hoeamsa Temple (12th-Century), Korea

Non-invasive mineral analysis of pigments of wall paintings in the Sungseonjeon Hall

A case study on Hoeamsa Temple, Korea: technical examination and identification of pigments and paper unearthed from the temple site

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