Speciation and quantification of vapor phases in soy biodiesel and waste cooking oil biodiesel

Peng, Chiung-Yu; Lan, Cheng-Hang; Dai, Yu-Tung

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.06.056

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In a 2006 study of diesel fuel in Taiwan, the top five VOCs were C 13 –C 16 and C 18 straight-chain alkanes, accounting for 46% of the target compounds (Peng et al, 2006). In comparison, we found that levels of n -decane and n -undecane were 2.5 and 1.4 times higher, n -dodecane and n -tridecane were similar, and n -tetradecane, n -pentadecane and n -hexadecane were 39–50% lower (Supplemental Table A.3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Petroleum diesel also contains paraffins, cyclo-paraffins, and some aromatics (Song et al, 2000; Marathon Oil Corporation, 2010). Pure soy biodiesel contains mainly linoleic acid methyl ester, oleic acid methyl ester, palmitic acid methyl ester and stearic acid methyl ester, which collectively accounted for 89% (wt) of the Taiwan fuel (Peng et al, 2006). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A 2006 study from Taiwan identified the top 20 VOCs in headspace vapors for conventional diesel and pure soy biodiesel at 25 °C, and the top five in conventional diesel vapor were n -octane, ethyl benzene, p-xylene, n -decane and toluene (together accounting for 39% of TTVOCs) (Peng et al, 2006). We had 13 VOCs in common with the Taiwan study (Supplemental Table A.5).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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VOC composition of current motor vehicle fuels and vapors, and collinearity analyses for receptor modeling

Chin

Batterman

2012

Chemosphere

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The formulation of motor vehicle fuels can alter the magnitude and composition of evaporative and exhaust emissions occurring throughout the fuel cycle. Information regarding the volatile organic compound (VOC) composition of motor fuels other than gasoline is scarce, especially for bioethanol and bio-diesel blends. This study examines the liquid and vapor (headspace) composition of four contemporary and commercially available fuels: gasoline (<10% ethanol), E85 (85% ethanol and 15% gasoline), ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD), and B20 (20% soy-biodiesel and 80% ULSD). The composition of gasoline and E85 in both neat fuel and headspace vapor was dominated by aromatics and n-heptane. Despite its low gasoline content, E85 vapor contained higher concentrations of several VOCs than those in gasoline vapor, likely due to adjustments in its formulation. Temperature changes produced greater changes in the partial pressures of 17 VOCs in E85 than in gasoline, and large shifts in the VOC composition. B20 and ULSD were dominated by C9 to C16 n-alkanes and low levels of the aromatics, and the two fuels had similar headspace vapor composition and concentrations. While the headspace composition predicted using vapor–liquid equilibrium theory was closely correlated to measurements, E85 vapor concentrations were underpredicted. Based on variance decomposition analyses, gasoline and diesel fuels and their vapors VOC were distinct, but B20 and ULSD fuels and vapors were highly collinear. These results can be used to estimate fuel related emissions and exposures, particularly in receptor models that apportion emission sources, and the collinearity analysis suggests that gasoline- and diesel-related emissions can be distinguished.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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VOC composition of current motor vehicle fuels and vapors, and collinearity analyses for receptor modeling

Chin

Batterman

2012

Chemosphere

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“…In a 2006 study of diesel fuel in Taiwan, the top five VOCs were C 13 -C 16 and C 18 straght-chain alkanes, accounting for 46% of target compounds (Peng et al, 2006). Chin and Batterman (2012) indicated that C 9 -C 16 straightchain alkanes of diesel fuel were dominant and account for 90% of TVOCs.…”

Section: Characterization Of Vocs At the Airport Apronmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source Apportionment of Volatile Organic Compounds at an International Airport

Lai

Chuang

Chang

2013

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Concentrations of 22 volatile organic hydrocarbons (VOCs) were measured at the airport apron of Taipei International Airport, Taiwan, for 48 d in July, September, October, and December of 2011. Forty-eight air samples were collected using stainless steel canisters and analyzed using gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC/FID) and gas chromatography with a mass selective detector (GC/MSD). The five most abundant VOC species on all sampling days were toluene, m,p-xylene, o-xylene, i-pentane, and styrene. Total concentrations of VOCs (TVOC) were 85.38 ± 26.61, 89.70 ± 13.14, and 86.21 ± 14.51 μg/m 3 in summer, autumn, and early winter, respectively. Aromatics (36.6-41.4%) represented the largest proportion of TVOCs, followed by i-alkanes (22.9-25.5%), n-alkanes (20.3-21.8%), alkenes (11.5-13.3%) and alkynes (3.0-4.4%). The benzene-to-toluene (B/T) ratio was used to differentiate between exhaust from aircraft ignition and that from ground vehicles at the airport apron. The absolute principal component score (APCS) receptor model was then applied to quantify the contributions of these sources of VOCs at the airport apron.

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“…In the case of soy biodiesel and wastecooking-oil biodiesel, for example, it has been shown that the fuels give evaporative emissions comprised mostly of methyl esters and oxygenated chemicals, including alcohols, carbonyl chemicals, and organic acids. 28 Since oxygenated chemicals stem from oxidation of biodiesel, the stability of methyl ester and external factors, such as heat, play a major role in determining the types and contents of the chemicals. Among these vapor phases, methyl esters and organic substance are acidic, and thus they should primarily contribute to the corrosion of the electroless coatings.…”

Section: Effects Of Biodiesel On Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroless Ni-based coatings for biodiesel containers

et al. 2010

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Biodiesel commonly experiences oxidative and hydrolytic degradations, leading to problems of low storage stability and corrosion of fuel containers. The present study investigates the fabrication and use of electroless-deposited nickel alloys, containing phosphorus and tungsten, as potential coating materials that effectively protect steel-based biodiesel containers from corrosion. Through long-term static immersion and high-temperature oxidation tests, coupled with surface analyses of the coatings and assessments of the biodiesel's acidity and storage stability, it is determined that a nickel coating with 15 wt% of phosphorus is favorably compatible with biodiesel, both in terms of corrosion protection and fuel stability.

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Speciation and quantification of vapor phases in soy biodiesel and waste cooking oil biodiesel

Cited by 19 publications

References 21 publications

VOC composition of current motor vehicle fuels and vapors, and collinearity analyses for receptor modeling

VOC composition of current motor vehicle fuels and vapors, and collinearity analyses for receptor modeling

Source Apportionment of Volatile Organic Compounds at an International Airport

Electroless Ni-based coatings for biodiesel containers

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