Speciation and mobility of cadmium in straw and wood combustion fly ash

Hansen, Henrik K.; Pedersen, Anne Juul; Ottosen, Lisbeth M.; Villumsen, Arne

doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(01)00026-1

Cited by 88 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Cadmium also does not seem to be as soluble/mobile as expected from other ash types such as straw combustion ashes [19]. On the other hand, cadmium is not released easily from wood ashes [20]. Like for lead cadmium removal seems to have seized in exp.…”

Section: Removal Of Heavy Metalsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Electroremediation of air pollution control residues in a continuous reactor

et al. 2010

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Air pollution control (APC) residue from municipal solid waste incineration is considered hazardous waste due to its alkalinity and high content of salts and mobile heavy metals. Various solutions for the handling of APC-residue exist, however most commercial solutions involve landfilling. A demand for environmental sustainable alternatives exists and electrodialysis could be such an alternative. The potential of electrodialysis for treating APC-residue is explored in this work by designing and testing a continuous-flow bench-scale reactor that can work with a high solids content feed solution. Experiments were made with raw residue, water-washed residue, acid washed residue and acid-treated residue with emphasis on reduction of heavy metal mobility. Main results indicate that the reactor successfully removes toxic elements lead, copper, cadmium and zinc from the feed stream, suggesting that the electrodialytic technique is an alternative to land deposition of APC-residues.

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Section: Removal Of Heavy Metalsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Electroremediation of air pollution control residues in a continuous reactor

et al. 2010

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“…Some Cd has also been removed to the cathode side, probably as Cd 2+ . Following the pH decrease in the fly ash suspensions and reduction of chloride content by removal by electromigration, Cd will be removed firstly towards the anode as CdCl 4 2− and as pH decreases is removed towards the cathode as Cd 2+ [23]. Removal of Cd towards the anode was especially seen in the experiments with straw ash and Cd has previously been found to be present in untreated ash as CdCl 2 [26].…”

Section: Electrodialytic Remediation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The high pH in the wood ash was probably due to a high content of alkaline oxides, especially CaO [23,24], which also corresponds to a much higher Ca content in this ash.…”

Section: Ash Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Electrodialytic removal of Cd from biomass combustion fly ash suspensions

Kirkelund

Damoe

Ottosen

2013

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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h i g h l i g h t sElectrodialytic remediation could be used to remove Cd from biomass fly ash suspensions. Cd limiting concentrations in the fly ash were met for reuse as fertilizer. pH below 2 in the fly ash suspension was determining the effectiveness for Cd removal. a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c tDue to relatively high concentrations of Cd, biomass combustion fly ashes often fail to meet Danish legislative requirements for recycling as fertilizer. In this study, the potential of using electrodialytic remediation for removal of Cd from four different biomass combustion fly ashes was investigated with the aim of enabling reuse of the ashes. The ashes originated from combustion of straw (two ashes), wood chips, and co-firing of wood pellets and fuel oil, respectively. A series of laboratory scale electrodialytic remediation experiments were conducted with each ash. The initial Cd concentration in the ashes varied between 8.8 mg Cd/kg (co-firing ash) and 64 mg Cd/kg (pre-washed straw ash), and pH varied from 3.7 (co-firing ash) to 13.3 (wood ash). In spite of such large variations between the ashes, the electrodialytic method showed to be sufficiently robust to treat the ashes so the final Cd concentration was below 2.0 mg Cd/kg DM in at least one experiment done with each ash. This was obtained within 2 weeks of remediation and at liquid to solid (L/S) ratios of L/S 16 for the pre-washed straw ash and L/S 8 for the straw, co-firing and wood ash.

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“…Th ey are released to the environment from air emissions of plants ( Kabata-Pendias, 2004, Messadeh, Al-Safi , 2005, motor vehicles (Timmer et al, 2004), use of mineral fertilizers and pesticides, forest fi res (Aronsson, Ekelund, 2004, Fowler et al, 2004. Nowadays lead and cadmium environmental pollution has reached critically dangerous levels and encompassed the entire biosphere, impairing physiological state of animals and human health (Hansen et al, 2001, Timmer et al, 2004.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Analysis of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Eggs of Collared Flycatchers, Ficedula Albicollis (Passeriformes, Muscicapidae), and Tits, Parus Major, Parus Caeruleus (Passeriformes, Paridae), in Different Areas of North-Eastern Ukraine

Чаплыгина¹,

Yuzyk²

2016

Vestnik Zoologii

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Th e Analysis of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Eggs of, have more opportunities to accumulate heavy metals due to migration but they are more resistant to contamination in contrast to tits, (Parus major Linnaeus, 1758, Parus caeruleus Linnaeus, 1758). Th is research aimed to detect concentrations of some trace elements in eggs of the collared fl ycatcher, great tit and blue tit in diff erent areas. Th ere were found diff erences in heavy metal concentrations in the eggs among species and study areas. For collared fl ycatchers there were not established consistent patterns of changes in element concentrations among areas. Th e highest heavy metal levels were found in tits in samples of egg contents from a forest park (Pb -3.1410 ± 0.3249, Cu -19.3290 ± 1.4840, Zn -66.9612 ± 17.6665, Fe -249.5513 ± 40.2800, Mn -6.9032 ± 0.2946, Ca -8298.3570 ± 0.1080, Sr -17.6032 ± 0.7512, Ni -0.5177 ± 0.0220). Th e lowest concentrations were found in egg contents of tits in Hetmanskyi National Nature Park (Cu -4.3492 ± 0.2079, Fe -44.6647 ± 0.2627, Mn -1.3194 ± 0.2374, Ca -998.7001 ± 0.0006, Ni -0.2443 ± 0.0439, Cr -0.1466 ± 0.0424). Th e results indicate that heavy metals accumulated diff erently in shells and contents of eggs of collared fl ycatchers and tits in each of the study area. Some of microelements (zinc, mercury, iron, manganese, selenium and iodine) in small amounts are required for normal growth and development of birds. Heavy metal concentrations in egg shells and egg contents of all species did not exceed permissible levels. K e y w o r d s : heavy metals, eggs, collared fl ycatcher, great tit, blue tit.

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Speciation and mobility of cadmium in straw and wood combustion fly ash

Cited by 88 publications

References 13 publications

Electroremediation of air pollution control residues in a continuous reactor

Electroremediation of air pollution control residues in a continuous reactor

Electrodialytic removal of Cd from biomass combustion fly ash suspensions

The Analysis of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Eggs of Collared Flycatchers, Ficedula Albicollis (Passeriformes, Muscicapidae), and Tits, Parus Major, Parus Caeruleus (Passeriformes, Paridae), in Different Areas of North-Eastern Ukraine

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