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Cited by 2 publications
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A recent review of ocular tumors in dogs listed one urinary tract tumor, a renal carcinoma, with ocular metastases [ 11.A mature male German shepherd dog had a chronic illness characterized by urine retention and prostate enlargement. After several months of ineffective therapy, the dog was killed.At necropsy the dog was thin and had an enlarged prostate and distended bladder. The mucosal surface in the trigone contained a 1.4-cm fungiform mass. Smaller, similarly shaped masses were scattered in the bladder mucosa. The renal pelves were dilated and contained a yellow mucoid material. A mesenteric lymph node was enlarged and had a soft, yellow center. The myocardium contained numerous yellow foci 0.3 to 1.2 cm in diameter. Many small, firm, yellow areas were scattered throughout all lung lobes.Histologically, the bladder tumors were composed of cuboidal to spindle-shaped anaplastic cells ( fig. 1). These cells formed nests and columns, and invaded the submucosa. Although the cells tended to individualize, microvillar projections and intracellular connections resembling desmosomes were seen ( fig. 2). A few membrane-bound structures resembling discoid vesicles were seen in tumor cells. The histologic and ultrastructural appearance of the tumor cells, though anaplastic, was compatible with that of transitional epithelium. Similar anaplastic cells were seen in the prostate, renal pelves, mesenteric lymph node, adrenal glands, heart, lungs, pancreas, tongue (in lymphatics), thyroid, and eyes. In the eyes, the cells filled parts of the ciliary processes ( fig. 3) and the choroid (fig. 4). The neoplastic cells in these areas had vesicular nuclei with prominent nucleoli and were arranged in clumps, columns and sheets. The retina was detached, and swollen vacuolated retinal pigment epithelial cells were present over the areas of tumor cell accumulation and retinal detachment.
A recent review of ocular tumors in dogs listed one urinary tract tumor, a renal carcinoma, with ocular metastases [ 11.A mature male German shepherd dog had a chronic illness characterized by urine retention and prostate enlargement. After several months of ineffective therapy, the dog was killed.At necropsy the dog was thin and had an enlarged prostate and distended bladder. The mucosal surface in the trigone contained a 1.4-cm fungiform mass. Smaller, similarly shaped masses were scattered in the bladder mucosa. The renal pelves were dilated and contained a yellow mucoid material. A mesenteric lymph node was enlarged and had a soft, yellow center. The myocardium contained numerous yellow foci 0.3 to 1.2 cm in diameter. Many small, firm, yellow areas were scattered throughout all lung lobes.Histologically, the bladder tumors were composed of cuboidal to spindle-shaped anaplastic cells ( fig. 1). These cells formed nests and columns, and invaded the submucosa. Although the cells tended to individualize, microvillar projections and intracellular connections resembling desmosomes were seen ( fig. 2). A few membrane-bound structures resembling discoid vesicles were seen in tumor cells. The histologic and ultrastructural appearance of the tumor cells, though anaplastic, was compatible with that of transitional epithelium. Similar anaplastic cells were seen in the prostate, renal pelves, mesenteric lymph node, adrenal glands, heart, lungs, pancreas, tongue (in lymphatics), thyroid, and eyes. In the eyes, the cells filled parts of the ciliary processes ( fig. 3) and the choroid (fig. 4). The neoplastic cells in these areas had vesicular nuclei with prominent nucleoli and were arranged in clumps, columns and sheets. The retina was detached, and swollen vacuolated retinal pigment epithelial cells were present over the areas of tumor cell accumulation and retinal detachment.
Abstract. The clinical signs, gross and microscopic appearance, treatment, and follow-up results of 35 dogs with primary ocular melanomas are reviewed. The melanomas are classified as epibulbar or intraocular based on the site of origin. The intraocular tumors are classified as spindle A, spindle B, mixed spindle B and epithelioid, and purely epithelioid based on cytologic criteria. The pathologic findings are matched with the follow-up history in an attempt to determine which features have prognostic significance. The findings are contrasted to those of similar studies of spontaneous ocular melanomas in man.Canine ocular melanomas, although rare, are the most common primary ocular neoplasm in the dog [ l , 2, 6-10, 12, 14, 171. No studies correlating the clinical, gross and microscopic appearance with treatment results and biologic behavior of the tumors have been reported to date. These canine tumors have been classified using criteria similar to those used in ocular melanomas in man [ 161. The prognosis in the dog, as in man, has been related to cell type. The validity of this approach for the dog is unknown because of small numbers reported and lack of follow-up information. The purpose of this report is to begin a preliminary study to correlate morphologic findings with biological behavior. Materials and MethodsCase records of dogs with ocular melanomas seen between 1964 and I980 were reviewed. Practitioners who submitted biopsies were contacted for additional information, and when necessary, owners were called to obtain further data. Age, breed, sex, site of occurrence, morphologic appearance, and clinical behavior of the tumors were compiled.Material collected for histology was fixed in either 10% buffered formalin or Zenker's solution and processed routinely for light microscopy. Deeply pigmented sections were bleached with hydrogen peroxide prior to staining. Tissues for transmission electron microscopy were dissected from formalin-fixed tissues, washed in buffer, and postfixed in osmium tetroxide prior to embedding in an epoxy resin. One pm sections were used for tissue orientation and selection of areas to be viewed by electron microscopy. After trimming. blocks were sectioned with a diamond knife, stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate, and examined with an electron microscope.
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