Special issue “International Geomagnetic Reference Field—the twelfth generation”

Thébault, Erwan; Finlay, Christopher C.; Toh, Hiroaki

doi:10.1186/s40623-015-0313-0

Cited by 164 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Local pitch angles of the REPT axis are determined from field directions measured by the EMFISIS (Electric and Magnetic Field Instrument Suite and Integrated Science) magnetometer [ Kletzing et al , ]. They are converted to equatorial pitch angles α 0 using model local and equatorial magnetic field magnitudes calculated from IGRF (International Geomagnetic Reference Field) [ Thébault et al , ] combined with OP77Q (Olson‐Pfitzer 1977 Quiet) [ Olson and Pfitzer , ]. Values of L (defined in section 2.2) are from the same magnetic field models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inward diffusion and loss of radiation belt protons

et al. 2016

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Radiation belt protons in the kinetic energy range 24 to 76 MeV are being measured by the Relativistic Electron Proton Telescope on each of the two Van Allen Probes. Data have been processed for the purpose of studying variability in the trapped proton intensity during October 2013 to August 2015. For the lower energies (≲32 MeV), equatorial proton intensity near L = 2 showed a steady increase that is consistent with inward diffusion of trapped solar protons, as shown by positive radial gradients in phase space density at fixed values of the first two adiabatic invariants. It is postulated that these protons were trapped with enhanced efficiency during the 7 March 2012 solar proton event. A model that includes radial diffusion, along with known trapped proton source and loss processes, shows that the observed average rate of increase near L = 2 is predicted by the same model diffusion coefficient that is required to form the entire proton radiation belt, down to low L, over an extended (∼103 year) interval. A slower intensity decrease for lower energies near L = 1.5 may also be caused by inward diffusion, though it is faster than predicted by the model. Higher‐energy (≳40 MeV) protons near the L = 1.5 intensity maximum are from cosmic ray albedo neutron decay. Their observed intensity is lower than expected by a factor ∼2, but the discrepancy is resolved by adding an unspecified loss process to the model with a mean lifetime ∼120 years.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inward diffusion and loss of radiation belt protons

et al. 2016

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“…This record features a correction for volcanic influence considering the 10 Be production model by Kovaltsov and Usoskin (2010) and the parameterisation of the beryllium atmospheric transport by Heikkilä et al (2009). The modulation potential was converted to sunspot numbers as for 14 C. The geomagnetic field was considered as the IGRF (International Geomagnetic Reference Field;Thébault et al, 2015) from 1900 CE and GE-OMAG.9k (Usoskin et al, 2016b) before that. Because the snow accumulation rate is unknown, a constant accumulation rate was assumed when converting the concentrations to depositional flux.…”

Section: A3 Volcanic Forcingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The PMIP4 contribution to CMIP6 – Part 3: The last millennium, scientific objective, and experimental design for the PMIP4 <i>past1000</i> simulations

et al. 2017

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“…Prominent examples are some of the candidate models for IGRF 2015 that are collected in a special issue of Earth, Planets and Space (see Thebault et al 2015, for an overview), and dedicated lithospheric field models that were derived from Swarm observations after subtracting model values of the core and large-scale magnetospheric field (e.g., Kotsiaros 2016;Thebault et al 2016). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model of Earth’s magnetic field derived from 2 years of Swarm satellite constellation data

et al. 2016

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More than 2 years of magnetic field data taken by the three-satellite constellation mission Swarm are used to derive a model of Earth's magnetic field and its time variation. This model is called SIFMplus. In addition to the magnetic field observations provided by each of the three Swarm satellites, explicit advantage is taken of the constellation aspect of Swarm by including East-West magnetic intensity and vector field gradient information from the lower satellite pair. Along-track differences of the magnetic intensity as well as of the vector components provide further information concerning the North-South gradient. The SIFMplus model provides a description of the static lithospheric field that is very similar to models determined from CHAMP data, up to at least spherical harmonic degree n = 75. Also the core field part of SIFMplus, with a quadratic time dependence for n ≤ 6 and a linear time dependence for n = 7-15, demonstrates the possibility to determine high-quality field models from only 2 years of Swarm data, thanks to the unique constellation aspect of Swarm. To account for the magnetic signature caused by ionospheric electric currents at polar latitudes we co-estimate, together with the model of the core, lithospheric and large-scale magnetospheric fields, a magnetic potential that depends on quasi-dipole latitude and magnetic local time.

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Special issue “International Geomagnetic Reference Field—the twelfth generation”

Cited by 164 publications

References 22 publications

Inward diffusion and loss of radiation belt protons

Inward diffusion and loss of radiation belt protons

The PMIP4 contribution to CMIP6 – Part 3: The last millennium, scientific objective, and experimental design for the PMIP4 <i>past1000</i> simulations

A model of Earth’s magnetic field derived from 2 years of Swarm satellite constellation data

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Special issue “International Geomagnetic Reference Field—the twelfth generation”

Cited by 164 publications

References 22 publications

Inward diffusion and loss of radiation belt protons

Inward diffusion and loss of radiation belt protons

The PMIP4 contribution to CMIP6 – Part 3: The last millennium, scientific objective, and experimental design for the PMIP4 &lt;i&gt;past1000&lt;/i&gt; simulations

A model of Earth’s magnetic field derived from 2 years of Swarm satellite constellation data

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Product

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The PMIP4 contribution to CMIP6 – Part 3: The last millennium, scientific objective, and experimental design for the PMIP4 <i>past1000</i> simulations