Spearman Rank Correlation: Overview

Zar, Jerrold H.

doi:10.1002/9781118445112.stat05964

Cited by 66 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Fisher's z scores of a correlation coefficient was estimated using the formula z = 0.5 × ln 1 + r 1 − r . A 2 (group: MCI vs. HC) × 2 (congruency: congruent vs. incongruent) repeated-measures ANOVA was performed on Fisher's z score (Zar, 2014). Group served as a betweensubjects factor.…”

Section: Eeg Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Weakened Relationship Between Prestimulus Alpha Oscillations and Response Time in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment

Chen

et al. 2020

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Background: Prestimulus alpha oscillations associated with preparatory attention have an impact on response time (RT). However, little is known about whether there is a deficit in the relationship between prestimulus alpha oscillations and RT in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Method: We collected electroencephalography (EEG) data from 28 older adults with MCI and 28 demographically matched healthy controls (HCs) when they were performing an Eriksen flanker task. For each participant, single-trial prestimulus alpha power was calculated for combinations of congruency (congruent vs. incongruent) and response speed (fast vs. slow). Result: Statistical analysis indicated that prestimulus alpha power was significantly lower for fast trials than slow trials in HCs but not in older adults with MCI. The Fisher's z scores of the within-subject correlation coefficients between single-trial prestimulus alpha power and RT were significantly larger in HCs than in older adults with MCI. In addition, machine learning analyses indicated that prestimulus alpha power and its correlation with RT could serve as features to distinguish older adults with MCI from HCs and to predict performance on some neuropsychological tests. Conclusion: The reduced correlation between prestimulus alpha activity and RT suggests that older adults with MCI experience impaired preparatory attention.

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Section: Eeg Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Weakened Relationship Between Prestimulus Alpha Oscillations and Response Time in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment

Chen

et al. 2020

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…The SGHS's test-retest reliability, alternate-form reliability, convergent validity and discriminant validity was computed using Spearman correlations. Comparisons between two forms of SGHS was done using Fisher's Z test (Myers & Sirois, 2006), which provides a test of significance between nonparametric correlation coefficients by converting them into standardized (z) scores (Zar, 2005).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Reliability and Validity of the Short Gambling Harm Screen: Are Binary Scales worse than Likert Scales at capturing Gambling Harm?

McLauchlan

Browne

Russell

2020

JGI

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Gambling-related harm has become a key metric for measuring the adverse consequences of gambling on a population level. Yet, despite this renewed understanding in contemporary research, little exploration has been conducted to evaluate which instrument is best suited to capture the harmful consequences of gambling. This study was designed with the aim of determining whether Likert scales were better suited to capture gambling harm than binary scales. We hypothesized that the Short Gambling Harm Screen (SGHS), initially scored using a binary scale, would perform similarly to the alternate form that was Likertized for the purpose of this study. A corresponding comparison in the reverse direction was executed for the Problem Gambling Severity Index. The SGHS’s performance was assessed via a repeated-measures design in combination with three other measures of validity administered at the conclusion of the survey. In the end, we found that changing the scoring format (i.e., from binary to Likert) had negligible impact on the SGHS’s psychometric performance. We conclude that the original scoring method of the SGHS is not only appropriate but also no less suitable than Likert scales in measuring gambling harm.RésuméLes dommages liés au jeu sont devenus une mesure clé pour évaluer les conséquences néfastes du jeu à l’échelle de la population. Pourtant, malgré cette compréhension renouvelée dans la recherche contemporaine, on effectue très peu d’exploration pour évaluer quel instrument est le mieux adapté pour comprendre les conséquences néfastes du jeu. Cette étude a été conçue dans le but de déterminer si les échelles de Likert étaient mieux adaptées que les échelles binaires pour saisir les dommages liés au jeu. Nous avons émis l’hypothèse que le dépistage rapide du jeu problématique (Short Gambling Harm Screen ou SGHS), initialement évalué à l’aide d’une échelle binaire, ne fonctionnera pas différemment de la forme de Likert alternative qui a été créée aux fins de cette étude. Une comparaison correspondante dans la direction inverse a été effectuée pour l'indice de gravité du jeu excessif (PGSI). Les performances du SGHS ont été évaluées par un plan de mesures répétées, combinés à trois autres mesures de validité administrées à la fin du sondage. En fin de compte, nous avons constaté que le changement du format de pointage (c.-à-d. du binaire au Likert) avait un impact négligeable sur le rendement psychométrique du SGHS. Nous concluons que la méthode de pointage originale du SGHS est non seulement appropriée, mais également non moins appropriée que les échelles de Likert pour évaluer les dommages liés au jeu.

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“…Global distance preservation was measured using the Spearman rank correlation (ρ Sp ). It compares the distances for every pair of points between the original data space and the two-dimensional projection (Zar, 2005). Local distance preservations were measured by the proportion of neighbors identified in the projection.…”

Section: Comparing Stad To Other Dimensionality Reduction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A visual analytic approach for the identification of ICU patient subpopulations using ICD diagnostic codes

Alcaide

Aerts

2021

PeerJ Computer Science

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A large number of clinical concepts are categorized under standardized formats that ease the manipulation, understanding, analysis, and exchange of information. One of the most extended codifications is the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) used for characterizing diagnoses and clinical procedures. With formatted ICD concepts, a patient profile can be described through a set of standardized and sorted attributes according to the relevance or chronology of events. This structured data is fundamental to quantify the similarity between patients and detect relevant clinical characteristics. Data visualization tools allow the representation and comprehension of data patterns, usually of a high dimensional nature, where only a partial picture can be projected. In this paper, we provide a visual analytics approach for the identification of homogeneous patient cohorts by combining custom distance metrics with a flexible dimensionality reduction technique. First we define a new metric to measure the similarity between diagnosis profiles through the concordance and relevance of events. Second we describe a variation of the Simplified Topological Abstraction of Data (STAD) dimensionality reduction technique to enhance the projection of signals preserving the global structure of data. The MIMIC-III clinical database is used for implementing the analysis into an interactive dashboard, providing a highly expressive environment for the exploration and comparison of patients groups with at least one identical diagnostic ICD code. The combination of the distance metric and STAD not only allows the identification of patterns but also provides a new layer of information to establish additional relationships between patient cohorts. The method and tool presented here add a valuable new approach for exploring heterogeneous patient populations. In addition, the distance metric described can be applied in other domains that employ ordered lists of categorical data.

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Spearman Rank Correlation: Overview

Cited by 66 publications

References 15 publications

The Weakened Relationship Between Prestimulus Alpha Oscillations and Response Time in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment

The Weakened Relationship Between Prestimulus Alpha Oscillations and Response Time in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment

Evaluating the Reliability and Validity of the Short Gambling Harm Screen: Are Binary Scales worse than Likert Scales at capturing Gambling Harm?

A visual analytic approach for the identification of ICU patient subpopulations using ICD diagnostic codes

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