“…Hybridisation is possible and results in fertile female offspring but sterile males (Carlberg et al 1978;Talbot et al 1984;Mangum 1993). Van der Meeren et al (2008) found that premoult European lobster females seemed to recognise and prefer to mate with conspecific males rather than American males, even when the H. americanus males were dominant, indicating that some pre-mating barriers between the two species prevent natural hybridisation.…”
We studied the relevance of urine cues in Homarus gammarus dominance maintenance, hypothesising that urinary signals are necessary to mediate recognition of former opponents. Males in size-matched pairs interacted on two consecutive days with or without blocking urine release by adding catheters to both contestants on the second day. European lobsters established dominance in a first fight, and fight duration and aggression levels decreased strongly from first to second day in animals with free urine release, indicating the maintenance of this dominance relationship. If urine was blocked on the second day, fight durations were long in both first and second day interactions. Results demonstrate that urine signals contribute to the maintenance of dominance in H. gammarus males.
“…Hybridisation is possible and results in fertile female offspring but sterile males (Carlberg et al 1978;Talbot et al 1984;Mangum 1993). Van der Meeren et al (2008) found that premoult European lobster females seemed to recognise and prefer to mate with conspecific males rather than American males, even when the H. americanus males were dominant, indicating that some pre-mating barriers between the two species prevent natural hybridisation.…”
We studied the relevance of urine cues in Homarus gammarus dominance maintenance, hypothesising that urinary signals are necessary to mediate recognition of former opponents. Males in size-matched pairs interacted on two consecutive days with or without blocking urine release by adding catheters to both contestants on the second day. European lobsters established dominance in a first fight, and fight duration and aggression levels decreased strongly from first to second day in animals with free urine release, indicating the maintenance of this dominance relationship. If urine was blocked on the second day, fight durations were long in both first and second day interactions. Results demonstrate that urine signals contribute to the maintenance of dominance in H. gammarus males.
“…There were 12 instances in which type A females were transferred to aquaria containing type Abbreviations of localities are as given in Figure I. crustacean species (Tracey et al, 1975;Nemeth and Tracey, 1979;Berglund and Lagercrantz, 1983;Boulton and Knott, 1984;Huber, 1985;Chow and Fujio, 1985b) but very similar to that between the American and European lobster species (Hedgecock et al, 1977). In the last case, since the two homarid lobsters can easily mate in the laboratory and F, hybrids can be obtained (Talbot et al, 1984), it appears that geographic isolation has provided the effective mechanism for genetic differentiation but that mating isolation is not yet accomplished. In contrast, the two types of P. paucidens inhabit overlapping zones in the same water system and yet no gene exchange has been observed between the types (Chow and Fujio, 1985a).…”
Section: Genetic Variation and Differentiation»-mentioning
Twenty local populations of the Japanese freshwater shrimp Palaemon paucidens were electrophoretically and morphologically surveyed. Based on the diagnostic distributions of some alleles at Gpi, Mpi, Mdh-1, and Mdh-2, these populations were largely classified into two types (A and B). The A type occurred in lakes, ponds, and rivers, while the B type was observed only in rivers. Average Nei's genetic distance (D) between the two types fell into the subspecies range (D¯=0.1186). The coefficient of gene differentiation, G , varied considerably between the two types. In 12 populations of the A type, with a G value of 0.281, nine pond and lake populations showed a higher G (0.246) than the three river populations (0.151). On the other hand, G was 0.036 for the eight local populations of the B type. The lower rostrum tooth number had a mode of two in type A and three in type B. Type-A populations largely varied in the upper rostrum tooth number and egg size but type B did not. Under laboratory conditions, mating frequently occurred within each type, but not between types. Furthermore, no embryonic development was observed in the few cases of intertype mating. These results indicate that the A and B types had experienced cladogenic separation with pre- or postmating isolation, whereafter the A type, under geographic isolation, underwent genetic and phenotypic differentiation, while the B type, under extensive gene flow, did not undergo differentiation.
“…The most successful crossings appear to be American male with European female. The pure strains and produced hybrids have been used in numerous other experiments related to survival, growth, aggression, oxygen binding, egg quality etc (Gruffydd et al, 1975;Anon, 1978;Carlberg et al, 1978Carlberg et al, , 1979Mickelsen et al, 1978;Talbot et al, 1983Talbot et al, , 1984Harper & Talbot, 1984;Zalgalcky, 1985;Zalgalcky & Tidmarsh, 1985). The overall conclusion from several of these studies is that hybrid progeny show intermediate traits, rather than dominance of one parental type.…”
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