Spatiotemporal subsidence over Pabdana coal mine Kerman Province, central Iran using time-series of Sentinel-1 remote sensing imagery

Abstract

Environmental monitoring of mining regions using satellite imagery is crucial for sustainable exploitation and preventing geohazards. Movements due to the failure of the roof in underground coal mining, by migrating upwards and outwards from the seam being mined, could eventually appear as ground deformation. To investigate the matter further, the surface deformation that occurred over the Pabdana mining area was monitored in three time periods, between October 2, 2014, and July 27, 2019. Persistent scatterer interferometry (PSI) was used based on 150 ascending and descending Sentinel-1A images. The maximum mining subsidence rate during the studied periods was about 30 to 35 mm/yr. The PSI analysis shows that the subsidence rate varied both temporally and spatially during the three studied periods. The time series and the displacement rate for various cross-sections highlight a clear quantitative relationship between coal extraction progress and subsidence, which proceeded southward throughout the three study periods. So, considering coal mining subsidence as a geohazard, land developments and structures over the mining area may be safeguarded. The approach used in this investigation can be implemented in other similar coal mining zones.

Development of a Dynamic Prediction Model for Underground Coal-Mining-Induced Ground Subsidence Based on the Hook Function

“…As a result, the subsidence on the point increases continuously and gradually approaches the maximum magnitude; the subsidence process may last for several years or decades. Basically, the subsidence curve at a ground point with respect to time is very close to an inverse S-shaped curve, as revealed in many previous studies [25,26]. It can be seen from Figure 10 that the GNSS-observed and the model-predicted subsidence curves have good accordance with these previous studies for all four stations; i.e., the time series of the subsidence presents as an inverse S-shaped curve in general.…”

“…As studied in [25][26][27], the variation pattern of subsidence induced by underground coal mining at a given ground point is very similar to a reverse "S" curve. This typical variation pattern of subsidence cannot be described by the Knothe model, as evidenced in Figure 3, which shows an example of a subsidence time series calculated using three typical models when the maximum ground subsidence is 4000 mm.…”

A Generalized View of Longwall Emergency Stop Prevention (Ukraine)

“…Dychkovskiy et al [43] investigated the stresses existing during dynamic processes in the rock mass. The modern directions of numerical modeling of rock masses during underground mining were also widely discussed in the literature [44][45][46][47][48].…”

Geochemical investigation and modes of occurrence of critical elements and minerals in the coal of Akkakhel, Akhorwal, and Sheikhan, KP, Pakistan

“…The organic phase is composed of fixed carbon and volatiles while the inorganic phase contains sulfides, carbonates, and clay minerals (Cheng et al, 2014;Zhou et al, 2014;Sahoo et al, 2017). Majority of the critical elements and minerals are associated with organic matter, while a rare amount of minerals occurred during the inorganic phase (Li et al, 2011;Mehrabi et al, 2022). It has been found that sulfide minerals such as pyrite and marcasite are abundantly present in coals, which generally cause corrosion of boiler tubes, heat resistance, and cause pollution by the emission of sulfur dioxide during combustion (Dai et al, 2012;Zhou et al, 2014;Xia et al, 2015).…”