Spatiotemporal Patterns of Burned Areas Based on the Geographic Information System for Fire Risk Monitoring

Abstract

Forest and land fires occur every year in Indonesia. Efforts to handle forest and land fires have not been optimal because fires occur in too many places with unclear patterns and densities. The study analyzed the spatiotemporal patterns of burned areas and fire density in fire-prone areas in Indonesia. Data of burned areas were taken from http://sipongi.menlhk.go.id/. The website collected its data from NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) images. Data were analyzed using the hot spot analysis to determine the spatiotemporal patterns of the burned areas and the kernel density analysis to examine the density of land fires. Findings showed that the spatiotemporal pattern from 2016 to 2019 formed a hot spot value in the peatland area with a confidence level of 90–99%, meaning that land fires were clustered in that area. In addition, the highest density of land fires also occurred in the peatland areas. Clustered burned areas with high fire density were found in areas with low–medium vegetation density—they were the peatland areas. The peatland areas must become the priority to prevent and handle forest and land fires to reduce fire risks.

Civil Society Participation Model: Forest and Land Fire Prevention Policy in Jambi Province

“…(1) Collecting information material (collection of materials and information) through field checks on burned areas using monitored hotspot data and collecting soil samples, plants, and hills in the fire area; (2) Identification is made to find out the cause, the area of the fire, the type of vegetation burned, and the effect on the environment and ecosystem; (3) Monitoring and evaluation are carried out to monitor the fire control activities that have been carried out and the development of the former fire area (Arisanty et al 2021);(4) Rehabilitation is carried out in the context of rehabilitating ex-fire areas by considering recommendations or inputs based on data and information obtained from identification results; (5) Law enforcement is carried out in the context of efforts to take legal action in the field of forest fires by starting with the collection of materials and information relating to the occurrence of violations as investigation material (Musri et al 2020).…”

“…Figure8describes handling activities after forest and land fires in Jambi Province, all efforts, actions, or activities that include inventory, monitoring and evaluation, and coordination to address locations after the forest and land fires occur(Aminah et al 2020). After the forest and land fires are handled through activities:(1) Collecting information material (collection of materials and information) through field checks on burned areas using monitored hotspot data and collecting soil samples, plants, and hills in the fire area; (2) Identification is made to find out the cause, the area of the fire, the type of vegetation burned, and the effect on the environment and ecosystem; (3) Monitoring and evaluation are carried out to monitor the fire control activities that have been carried out and the development of the former fire area(Arisanty et al 2021); (4) …”

Hotspot Spatial Patterns Using SNNP-VIIRS for Fire Potential Monitoring

“…Geospatial analysis related to the spatial design of hotspots can fnd out which areas have a high potential for fres so as to prevent future fres [81]. Te spatial pattern of hotspots is known so that future fre prevention, mitigation, and prevention strategies can be planned [82][83][84]. Seeing this, it is imperative to research the spatial pattern of hotspots, especially in the capital city of a new country.…”

The Effect of Built-Up Area Density and Vegetation Density on Surface Temperature in Banjarmasin City

“…Banjarmasin City is South Kalimantan Province's capital, with the highest population density compared to other cities in South Kalimantan. Tis city is a wetland area with a tidal swamp [34,35].…”