Spatio-Temporal Variation and Monsoon Effect on the Temperature Lapse Rate of a Subtropical Island

Chiu, Ching-An; Lin, Po‐Hsiung; Tsai, Chih-Yung

doi:10.3319/tao.2013.11.08.01(a)

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…At night, the air temperature decreased dramatically and caused steeper LRs. In addition, stronger wind speed can also steepen the LRs at night, but during the day this relationship became weaker (Pepin et al, 1999;Chiu et al, 2014). At the monthly scale, when dry and hot conditions are common, strong surface heating causes the vertical mixing of the atmosphere effectively by over the TP.…”

Section: Temporal and Spatial Changes In Lrs For T_obsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal and spatial changes in estimated near‐surface air temperature lapse rates on Tibetan Plateau

Wang

et al. 2018

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Lapse rate (LR) of near-surface (2 m) air temperature is essential for determining spatially distributed and gridded air temperature interpolated from in situ observational sites. However, due to the limitation of sparse observational networks, highresolution LRs are not usually available on regional scales, especially in mountainous regions. The purpose of this study is to estimate LRs for the entire Tibetan Plateau (TP) using observed air temperature and moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) night-time land surface temperatures (LSTs) and to analyse the spatio-temporal changes of the estimated LRs. First, diurnal cycles of LRs derived from in situ observations in three subregions of the TP were analysed, which shows that the LRs in the western and northeastern regions were shallow in the cold season and steep in the warm season, whereas the southeastern region exhibited a different pattern. Further comparisons revealed that the LRs for night-time air temperatures better represented the LRs for daily mean air temperatures than the daytime ones, and the night-time MODIS LSTs correlated well with the night-time air temperatures, especially for the MODIS Terra data sets. Therefore, the night-time MODIS LSTs from the Terra data sets were used to estimate high-resolution (10 km) LRs for the daily mean temperatures over the entire TP. Estimated LRs over most areas of the TP were shallower than the commonly used environmental LR (−6.5 K/km). The LRs in the southeastern region were steeper than those in the northeastern region, while steeper LR values occurred in the northwestern region with lower temperatures and less humidity. K E Y W O R D Slapse rates, MODIS land surface temperatures, spatial-temporal variability, Tibetan Plateau

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Section: Temporal and Spatial Changes In Lrs For T_obsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal and spatial changes in estimated near‐surface air temperature lapse rates on Tibetan Plateau

Wang

et al. 2018

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…The trends of climatic factors and relationships between meteorological variables with elevation have been investigated in many mountain regions during the past decades (Blandford et al, 2008;Holden and Rose, 2011;Chiu et al, 2014). Numerous studies have examined the spatio-temporal variation of TLRs over different regions, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal variability of vertical gradients of major meteorological observations around the Tibetan Plateau

2015

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ABSTRACT:The near-surface air temperature lapse rate (TLR), wind speed gradient (WSG), and precipitation gradient (PG) provide crucial parameters used in models of mountain climate and hydrology. The complex mountain terrain and vast area of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) make such factors particularly important. With daily data from 161 meteorological stations over the past 43 years , we analyse the spatio-temporal variations of TLRs, WSGs, and PGs over and around TP, derived using linear regression methods and dividing the study area into zones based on spatial variations. Results of this study include: (1) The observed TLR varies from −0.46 to −0.73 ∘ C (100 m) −1 , with averaged TLRs of −0.60, −0.62, and −0.59 ∘ C (100 m) −1 for T max , T min , and T mean , respectively. The averaged TLR is slightly less than the global mean of −0.65 ∘ C (100 m) −1 . The spatial variability of TLR relates to climate conditions, wherein the TLR increases in dry conditions and in cold months (October-April), while it lessens in humid regions and during warm months (May-September). (2) The estimated annual WSG ranges from 0.07 to 0.17 m s −1 (100 m) −1 . Monthly WSGs show a marked seasonal shift, in which higher WSGs can be explained by the high intensity of prevailing wind. (3) Positive summer PGs vary from 12.08 in the central TP to 26.14 mm (100 m) −1 in northeastern Qinghai and the southern TP, but a reverse gradient prevails in Yunnan and parts of Sichuan Province. (4) The regional warming over TP is more evident in winter, and T min demonstrated the most prominent warming compared with T max and T mean . Environments at high elevations experience more rapid changes in temperatures (T max , T min , and T mean ) than those at low elevations, which is especially true in winter and for T min . Furthermore, inter-annual variation of TLRs is linked to elevation-dependent warming.

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“…We could find some deciduous associations in the west side [44,45] and found vegetation settlement on the east side ( Figure 6). Clouds on the mountains of the west side have been gradually moving to the climatic conditions east side that has no dry season [46], but west lowlands were different [44]. Due to its special habitat, the montane cloud band on the east side that includes many rare species in narrow habitats [47].…”

Section: Relationship Between Distribution Of Vegetation and Environmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in Mountain Vegetation Composition between the East and the West Sides of Southern Taiwan

Chian

Yeh

Wang

2016

Forests

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Abstract:In this study, we classified twenty associations, 179 families, 810 genera, 1897 species, and identified 291 rare species. The vegetation units were named following floristic-sociological approach. A cocktail determination key was used to classify the following vegetation units of association. More of the west side than the east side of the study area was at a higher altitude, and the vegetation experienced significant compression. Follow the result of detrended correspondence analysis (DCA), winter rainfall and average January temperature were the main environmental factors affecting variation in vegetation distribution by elevation gradient in this area. The particular association type on the eastern side of the study area is attributable to the northeast monsoon experienced year-round in this area, which causes relatively low temperature and humidity and wind rush, as well as the compression of the elevation range in each forest. The monsoon deciduous vegetation area exists only on the west of the low altitude mountains.

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Spatio-Temporal Variation and Monsoon Effect on the Temperature Lapse Rate of a Subtropical Island

Cited by 18 publications

References 34 publications

Temporal and spatial changes in estimated near‐surface air temperature lapse rates on Tibetan Plateau

Temporal and spatial changes in estimated near‐surface air temperature lapse rates on Tibetan Plateau

Spatio-temporal variability of vertical gradients of major meteorological observations around the Tibetan Plateau

Variation in Mountain Vegetation Composition between the East and the West Sides of Southern Taiwan

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