Spatio-Temporal Assessment of Gully Erosion in the Zone of Intensive Agriculture in the European Part of Russia

Medvedeva, Regina; Golosov, Valentin; Ermolaev, O. P.

doi:10.1134/s1875372818030034

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In other seasons, the interpretation of linear forms of erosion in the fields results in large errors due to their leveling by agrocenoses. The initial resources for evaluating the dynamics of erosion belts of satellite images, as well as the technique for processing them are similar to the methods for determining the dynamics of gullies from images [25].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial-Temporal Dynamics of the Ephemeral Gully Belt on the Plowed Slopes of River Basins in Natural and Anthropogenic Landscapes of the East of the Russian Plain

2020

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Erosion is the leading process of soil degradation on agricultural land. In the spectrum of erosion processes, the most unfavorable for soil degradation are the processes of linear (ephemeral and gully) erosion. An assessment of the dynamics of linear erosion in the intensive farming zone of the European part of Russia (EPR) is relevant due to the lack of generalized data on the development of this type of erosion in the post-Soviet period and also, due to the highest intensity of soil erosion in the ephemeral gully erosion. The development of information technologies and the availability of high-resolution and ultra-high-resolution satellite images make it possible to solve the problems of ephemeral gully erosion belts identification, and also makes it possible to trace the dynamics of development of stream erosion on arable lands over a period characterized by the greatest changes in the climate system and economic conditions in the post-Soviet period (1980s–2010s). The study was conducted on the eastern wing of the boreal ecotone of the Russian Plain within the southern border of these zones of mixed and broad-leaved forests, forest-steppe, and steppe landscapes using the basin approach. For the initial material, satellite images of medium (30 m) and high resolution (0.5–1.5 m) were used in the work. The study used methods of image interpretation such as remote sensing of the earth and geoinformation mapping. For 70 key areas (interfluve spaces of river basins), the study developed a method of geoinformation mapping of the ephemeral gully erosion belt dynamics on arable lands. In the same way, the research developed a system of quantitative indicators characterizing its development on arable slopes. The dynamics of ephemeral gully erosion was evaluated over three-time intervals: the 1980s, 2000s, and 2010s by determining the horizontal dissection (density) and density of ephemeral gully erosion. Over the past 30 years, in the direction from the south of the forest sub-zone to the forest-steppe and steppe landscapes, there was a sharp increase in the horizontal dissection and density of the ephemeral gully network: an average of 4.6 and 10 times, respectively. The ephemeral gully erosion belt advances toward the watershed because of the formation of new erosion in the upper parts of the ephemeral gully networks and its extension, while there is a noticeable reduction in the width of the erosion-weakly active belt-sheet and rill erosion.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial-Temporal Dynamics of the Ephemeral Gully Belt on the Plowed Slopes of River Basins in Natural and Anthropogenic Landscapes of the East of the Russian Plain

2020

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“…Thus, one of the largest in terms of quantity and time of field observations is the database of gullies of the Udmurt Republic [10], which contains information about linear growth of gullies in Udmurtia since the 1970s. Additionally, instrumental monitoring of the linear growth of gullies was conducted in the Republic of Tatarstan, Voronezh, Saratov, and Orenburg regions, and Stavropol Territory [11,12]. Similar studies have been conducted in a number of other regions of Russia [13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It must be said that geomorphologists do not have clear criteria for answering these questions. The expert method is most often used [12,18]. Summarizing all the above, the main problems in gully erosion mapping are:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic Gully Detection: Neural Networks and Computer Vision

Gafurov¹,

Yermolayev²

2020

Remote Sensing

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Transition from manual (visual) interpretation to fully automated gully detection is an important task for quantitative assessment of modern gully erosion, especially when it comes to large mapping areas. Existing approaches to semi-automated gully detection are based on either object-oriented selection based on multispectral images or gully selection based on a probabilistic model obtained using digital elevation models (DEMs). These approaches cannot be used for the assessment of gully erosion on the territory of the European part of Russia most affected by gully erosion due to the lack of national large-scale DEM and limited resolution of open source multispectral satellite images. An approach based on the use of convolutional neural networks for automated gully detection on the RGB-synthesis of ultra-high resolution satellite images publicly available for the test region of the east of the Russian Plain with intensive basin erosion has been proposed and developed. The Keras library and U-Net architecture of convolutional neural networks were used for training. Preliminary results of application of the trained gully erosion convolutional neural network (GECNN) allow asserting that the algorithm performs well in detecting active gullies, well differentiates gullies from other linear forms of slope erosion — rills and balkas, but so far has errors in detecting complex gully systems. Also, GECNN does not identify a gully in 10% of cases and in another 10% of cases it identifies not a gully. To solve these problems, it is necessary to additionally train the neural network on the enlarged training data set.

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“…Hence, currently, there is a worldwide expansion of geomorphological research into small-and medium-sized river basins in which changes of the influence of separate factors on the regime of functioning of lithodynamical systems are manifested relatively rapidly. Of particular relevance are such investigations for basins in which the climatic fluctuations were accompanied by dramatic changes in land use practices [13]. Significant rearrangements in the dynamics of erosion-accumulation processes should be expected in agricultural regions of the south of Siberia, which, since the late 1990s, have shown a reduction in the area of croplands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Functioning of Erosion-channel Systems of the River Basins of the South of Eastern Siberia

et al. 2020

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We revealed the regional features of the functioning of the erosion-channel systems of the Angara, Upper Lena, Selenga, and Upper Amur basins in the south of Eastern Siberia and examined the action of sloping non-channel, temporary, and permanent channel water flows, and presented the patterns of the spatial distribution of soil and gully erosion belts. The development conditions and factors of fluvial processes are considered and the role of cryogenic processes in the increasing activity of water flows is emphasized. The interdecadal dynamic cycles of the erosion-accumulative processes are revealed. A quantitative assessment of soil loss from erosion on agricultural land in the forest-steppe basins was carried out. We made an assessment of the plane deformation of the upper course of the Lena river (Siberian platform) and Irkut (Baikal rift zone and the Irkutsk-Cheremkhovo plain) using cartographic sources of different times, aerial photographs, and satellite imagery. The contribution of extreme fluvial events to sediment redistribution in river basins is shown. Particular attention is paid to the mudflow impact, floods, and channel deformations on the ecological state of the basin systems.

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Spatio-Temporal Assessment of Gully Erosion in the Zone of Intensive Agriculture in the European Part of Russia

Cited by 12 publications

References 6 publications

Spatial-Temporal Dynamics of the Ephemeral Gully Belt on the Plowed Slopes of River Basins in Natural and Anthropogenic Landscapes of the East of the Russian Plain

Spatial-Temporal Dynamics of the Ephemeral Gully Belt on the Plowed Slopes of River Basins in Natural and Anthropogenic Landscapes of the East of the Russian Plain

Automatic Gully Detection: Neural Networks and Computer Vision

The Functioning of Erosion-channel Systems of the River Basins of the South of Eastern Siberia

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