Spatially Resolved Quantification of Gadolinium(III)‐Based Magnetic Resonance Agents in Tissue by MALDI Imaging Mass Spectrometry after In Vivo MRI

Abstract

Gadolinium(III)-based contrast agents improve the sensitivity and specificity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), especially when targeted contrast agents are applied. Because of nonlinear correlation between the contrast agent concentration in tissue and the MRI signal obtained in vivo, quantification of certain biological or pathophysiological processes by MRI remains ac hallenge.U pt on ow,n o technology has been able to provide as patially resolved quantification of MRI agents directly within the tissue,w hich would allow am ore precise verification of in vivo imaging results.M ALDI imaging mass spectrometry for spatially resolved in situ quantification of gadolinium(III) agents,i n correlation to in vivo MRI, were evaluated. Enhanced kinetics of Gadofluorine Mwere determined dynamically over time in amouse model of myocardial infarction. MALDI imaging was able to corroborate the in vivo imaging MRI signals and enabled in situ quantification of the gadolinium probe with high spatial resolution.

MR targeted imaging for the expression of tenascin‐C in myocardial infarction in vivo

“…The greatest limitation of this technique is the fairly low spatial resolution and ionizing radiation . Aicher et al referred to corroborate in vivo MR imaging and in situ quantification of the probe in a mouse model of MI through gadolinium based agents. Botnar's group have used multiple molecular probes on MR to image MI through targeting extracellular matrix, inflammation process, remodeling process, and bone marrow transplantation .…”

The Opportunities and Use of Imaging to Measure Target Engagement

“…At Medicines Discovery Catapult, we are implementing in vivo imaging techniques, MSI, and other imaging methodologies (not discussed in this paper), with the aim of using each of the approaches to gain complementary information. 82 with another study using the MRI data as a frame on which to overlay 3D MSI data. 83 Some specific examples of multimodal imaging have also been applied to examine biodistribution and associated kinetics of drug compounds (Fig.…”

“…Over recent years several studies have been performed whereby MRI and MSI have been used as complementary approaches. Aichler et al used MSI to investigate the specificity and kinetic behavior of gadolinium-based contrast agents subsequent to their use in MRI, 82 with another study using the MRI data as a frame on which to overlay 3D MSI data. 83…”

Long-Range Molecular Interactions Involved in the Retention Mechanisms of Liquid Chromatography

“…[31] Several other techniques also have been used for developing and validating Q-MSI. For example, gas chromatography (GC), [50] Raman spectroscopy imaging, [76] surface plasmon resonance imaging, [77] magnetic resonance imaging, [78] positron emission tomography, [79] and autoradiography [80][81][82] have been correlated with MSI. The term "Q-MSI" is interchangeably used to describe experiments involving either relative or absolute quantification (described in more detail in the following sections).…”