Spatially resolved optical measurements of water partial pressure and temperature in a PEM fuel cell under dynamic operating conditions

Basu, Saptarshi; Renfro, Michael W.; Cetegen, Baki M.

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.06.073

Cited by 38 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Basu et al [24] used the tunable-diode laser absorption spectrum method for the non-contact on-line measurement of the partial pressure and temperature distribution of vapor in a serpentine gas channel at the cathode side of a PEMFC. The measurement technology was based on the sensitivity of the absorption characteristic of water to a certain range of temperature and partial pressure.…”

Section: Other Non-contact Technologies For Measuring Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature distribution on anodic surface of membrane electrode assembly in proton exchange membrane fuel cell with interdigitated flow bed

Guo

Wang

Liu

et al. 2015

Journal of Power Sources

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Section: Other Non-contact Technologies For Measuring Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature distribution on anodic surface of membrane electrode assembly in proton exchange membrane fuel cell with interdigitated flow bed

Guo

Wang

Liu

et al. 2015

Journal of Power Sources

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“…In order to better understand the dynamic behaviors of fuel cell, researchers in the past resorted to elaborate mathematical models to simulate the dynamic behaviors of PEMFC, as the experimental diagnostic techniques were very complicated. However, with the fast development of mathematical models, there is an increasing need to verify these models and unveil the weaknesses with experimental data, but few experimental works about the dynamic behaviors have been reported [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14], and among them, even fewer have been concentrated on the air starvation phenomena during dynamic loading.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The voltage characteristics of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) under steady and transient states

Shen

Hou

Yan³

et al. 2008

Journal of Power Sources

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“…Microtemperature and humidity sensors were fabricated on a metallic bipolar plate of a PEMFC by Lee et al for in situ diagnostics. 12 The sensors were calibrated, and polarization curves were reported for an operating fuel cell with and without sensors, indicating a significant drop in performance when sensors were embedded, but no temperature or RH data were presented.Using tunable laser diode spectroscopy, Basu et al 13 claimed the first simultaneous nonintrusive measurements of water vapor partial pressure and temperature inside a PEMFC under steady and transient operations. Two channels in the serpentine flow path of a bipolar plate were extended to the edges to allow optical access into a test cell.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous In Situ Measurement of Temperature and Relative Humidity in a PEMFC Using Optical Fiber Sensors

David

Wild

Jensen

et al. 2010

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The development, implementation, and demonstration of in-fiber Bragg grating ͑FBG͒ sensors for a simultaneous measurement of temperature and relative humidity ͑RH͒ in an operating polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell ͑PEMFC͒ are presented. Etched fiber, polymer-coated FBG sensors with fast response and high sensitivity are installed in situ in a minimally invasive manner in the cathode unipolar plate of a single PEMFC with serpentine flow fields. The performance of the fuel cell under transient operating conditions is monitored.Step increases in current induce significantly larger increases in RH near the outlet than near the inlet of the cell, and associated transients within the fuel cell are found on a time scale approaching the sensor response time ͑ϳ1 Hz͒. The improved response of the technique, together with the significantly improved temperature and RH resolution, provides useful information on the dynamics of heat and water management. The technique is well suited for distributed measurements, and its relatively low cost and nonintrusive character make it a good candidate for practical multipoint monitoring of complete stacks.The temperature and relative humidity ͑RH͒ inside a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell ͑PEMFC͒ have a significant impact on performance, particularly due to the effect these coupled parameters have on the water balance within the cell. 1-5 Optimal water balance is achieved when the membrane is well hydrated, ensuring good proton conductivity, and the electrodes are relatively free of liquid water to maintain effective gas transport to the reaction sites.Water produced at the cathode during cell operation is effective in hydrating the membrane at lower cell temperatures. But at higher operating temperatures, which are preferred for reduced activation polarization, the cathode RH is insufficient and the membrane dries out. Membrane dry-out not only causes an increase in ohmic overpotential but can also accelerate membrane degradation. 6 To avoid this dry operation, gas streams are typically humidified before entering the cell. Excessive humidification, however, can cause flooding and can severely decrease the cell performance due to mass transport losses. Nonuniformities in the temperature and water distribution are often present 7-9 and add to the challenges of thermal and water management.Further adding to the difficulty of achieving controlled water balance in a PEMFC are dynamic operating conditions, which are common in transportation applications. Recent experimental and modeling studies further elucidate the roles of temperature and humidity on cell performance under these conditions. 10,11 As predictive models are extended to two and three dimensions, the ability to measure distributed temperature and RH in situ becomes increasingly useful for validation. Techniques developed for these purposes also supplement conventional bulk diagnostic techniques.Distributed measurements of RH and temperature inside a PEMFC have been performed using electrical and optical techniques wit...

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Spatially resolved optical measurements of water partial pressure and temperature in a PEM fuel cell under dynamic operating conditions

Cited by 38 publications

References 11 publications

Temperature distribution on anodic surface of membrane electrode assembly in proton exchange membrane fuel cell with interdigitated flow bed

Temperature distribution on anodic surface of membrane electrode assembly in proton exchange membrane fuel cell with interdigitated flow bed

The voltage characteristics of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) under steady and transient states

Simultaneous In Situ Measurement of Temperature and Relative Humidity in a PEMFC Using Optical Fiber Sensors

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