“…Therefore, many young adults go out working and leave the elderly at home to avoid the risk of losing the land use rights. Obviously, this type of rural surplus labour transfer will cause coarse tillage of the cultivated land, decline of multiple crop indexes, decrease in sown area of grain, deterioration of ecological environment, empty villages and many other serious problems, which will greatly decrease the utilization efficiency of cultivated land (Gao et al, 2017;Li, Wu, Huang, Sloan, & Skitmore, 2017). On the contrary, some other studies showed that large-scale rural labour transfer can improve the utilization efficiency of cultivated land: on the one hand, rural labour force transfer can enhance the circulation of cultivated land, promoting the scale operation of cultivated land and agricultural productivity (Feng, 2008;Huang, Zhu, Deng, & Rozelle, 2005;Tan, Heerink, Kruseman, & Futian, 2008); on the other hand, the transfer of rural labour force can optimize the production structure of cultivated land, facilitating the application of advanced agricultural technologies (McCarthy, Carletto, Davis, & Maltsoglou, 2006).…”