Spatial spread and emergence of reassortant H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in Iran

Abdollahi, Hamed; Ali, Ali Safar Maken; Monne, Isabella; Milani, Adelaide; Habibi, Mohammad; Zamperin, Gianpiero; Ghafouri, Seyed Ali; Maghsoudloo, Hossein; Mohammadpoor, Bijan; Esmaeilzadeh, Shadab; Farahani, Reza Khaltabadi; Ghasemi, Yusuf; Afzalkhani, Ali Akbar; Nabipoor, Jessica; Javanmardi, Behrooz; Fusaro, Alice; Zecchin, Bianca

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104342

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…An original clade 2.3.2.1c HPAI A(H5N1) reassortant virus was reported by Abdollahi et al (2020), collected in 2017 from a domestic duck commercial farm in Iran. This strain inherited its PB2, PA and NS segments from Eurasian LPAI viruses; the remaining segments being related to the previously characterised clade 2.3.2.1c A(H5N1) that was isolated in 2015 in the same country.…”

Section: The Avian Influenza Situation In Other Countries Not Reportimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the purposes of this report, only findings of AI viruses occurring in countries that are considered to be of epidemiological interest for the EU/EEA or of public health relevance are described. Abdollahi et al (2020), collected in 2017 from a domestic duck commercial farm in Iran. This strain inherited its PB2, PA and NS segments from Eurasian LPAI viruses; the remaining segments being related to the previously characterised clade 2.3.2.1c A(H5N1) that was isolated in 2015 in the same country.…”

Section: The Avian Influenza Situation In Other Countries Not Reporting Via Adns 16 February -15 May 2020 (Tor 4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of the cases were infected and detected in mainland China (WHO, 2019a). Information extracted from the scientific literature Full genome sequences of 14 HPAI clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N8) viruses, collected during 2016--2017 from wild birds (n=4) and chickens (n=10) in Iran, were described by Abdollahi et al (2020) and grouped into eight distinct genotypes. Two of these were similar to previously identified genotypes, including A(H5N8) viruses present in 2016 in Europe and Asia: they probably correspond to different viral introductions in Iran.…”

Section: Human Infections Due To A(h5n6)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, HPAI A(H5N6) virus strains isolated in 2018 (n=2) were closely related to clade 2.3.4.4b A/mallard/Korea/612/2017-like reassortant viruses, clustering with other European and Korean A(H5N6) viruses. These viruses did not possess any of the sequence determinants mentioned above for the A(H5N6) characterised in 2017 and 2019 Abdollahi et al (2020). characterised the first full genotype of an HPAI A(H5N6) virus collected in 2018 from wild birds (gadwall, Mareca strepera) in Iran: all segments were related to A/mallard/Republic of Georgia/1/2018 (H5N6)-like European clade 2.3.4.4b viruses identified in wild birds and poultry in2017- 2018.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Abdollahi et al (2020) characterised the first full genotype of an HPAI A(H5N6) virus collected in 2018 from wild birds (gadwall, Mareca strepera) in Iran: all segments were related to A/mallard/Republic of Georgia/1/2018 (H5N6)-like European clade 2.3.4.4b viruses identified in wild birds and poultry in 2017-2018.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Avian influenza overview February – May 2020

Adlhoch¹,

Fusaro²,

Kuiken³

et al. 2020

EFS2

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Between 16 February and 15 May 2020, 290highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5) virus outbreakswere reported in Europe in poultry (n=287), captive birds (n=2) and wild birds (n=1)in Bulgaria, Czechia,Germany,Hungary andPolandand two low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) A(H7N1) virus outbreaks were reported in poultry in Italy. 258 of 287 poultry outbreaks detected in Europe were secondary outbreaks, suggesting that in the large majoryty of cases the spread of the virus was not due to wild birds.Allthe HPAI outbreaks were A(H5N8) apart from three,which were reported as A(H5N2) from Bulgaria. Genetic analysis of the HPAI A(H5N8) viruses isolated from the eastern and central European countries indicates that this is a reassortant between HPAI A(H5N8) viruses from Africa and LPAI viruses from Eurasia. Two distict subtypes were identified in Bulgaria, a novel reassortant A(H5N2) and A(H5N8) that is persisting in the country since 2016. There could be several reasons why only very few HPAI cases were detected in wild birds in this 2019‐2020 epidemic season and a better knowledge of wild bird movements and virus‐host interaction (e.g. susceptibility of the hosts to this virus) could help to understand the reasons for poor detection of HPAI infected wild birds. In comparison with the last reporting period, a decreasing number of HPAI A(H5)‐affected countries and outbreaks were reported from outside Europe. However, there is considerable uncertainty regarding the current epidemiological situation in many countries out of Europe. Four human cases due to A(H9N2) virus infection were reported during the reporting period from China.

show abstract

Section: The Avian Influenza Situation In Other Countries Not Reportimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Avian Influenza Situation In Other Countries Not Reporting Via Adns 16 February -15 May 2020 (Tor 4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Human Infections Due To A(h5n6)mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 90%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Avian influenza overview February – May 2020

Adlhoch¹,

Fusaro²,

Kuiken³

et al. 2020

EFS2

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Monitoring of aquatic birds and surveillance of avian influenza and Newcastle disease of waterfowls at the National Park of Urmia Lake

Dehgany-Asl

Allymehr

Talebi

et al. 2022

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Urmia lake, as a national park, is one of the most valuable aquatic ecosystems in the Middle East and quatitative and qualitative changes in Urmia lake water have a great impact on its ecological performance and in the region. Objectives This project was designed to study the effects of the extent of Urmia lake water surface area on the area size and on the number of aquatic birds of the six selected habitats in 2011–2019. The presence of avian influenza (AI) and Newcastle disease (ND) viruses in migratory aquatic birds together with their impacts on poultry farms as well as on rural birds was also under surveillance in 2018–2019. Methods Changes of Urmia lake and its impacts on area size of the six selected birds habitats were monitored by GIS. The small monitoring program with circular plot point counts was used for counting of the number of birds of the six selected habitats. At least, 100 samples (oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs) were collected. each sample was placed in a sterile plastic tube containg transport media and assigned with an number and store untill used. Reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and real‐time RT‐PCR test were used for detection of AI and ND viruses in the samples. Results The results revealed that changes in the water surface area of Urmia lake had a gsignificat impacts on area size and the number of aquatic birds of the six selected habitats. The surveillance results showed that 5% of the samples were AIV positvie while 25% of the samples were pasitive for NDV including 20% for non‐virulent NDV (lNDV) and 5% for virulent NDV (vNDV) strains. Conclusion This study showed that fluctuation of Urmia lake's water surface area influenced (p < 0.05) the area size of the six selected aquatic birds' habitats and had a great impacts on the number of the migratory birds. Detection of AIV and vNDV emphesises that the seasonal migratory waterfowls spread AI and vND viruses to the ponds and estuaries as well as to the rural birds and industrialised poultry units around the Urmia lake. Potential public health treats were also discussed.

show abstract