Spatial patterning of habitat for <i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i> in a system of intermittent and perennial streams

Boughton, David A.; Fish, Heidi; Pope, Jason P.; Holt, Galen

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0633.2008.00328.x

Cited by 38 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…In intermittent streams, juvenile salmonids occupy isolated pools during the dry season (Wigington et al 2006, Boughton et al 2009, Grantham et al 2012, Hwan and Carlson 2016, and some studies suggest that salmonids may grow larger in intermittent stream pools than perennial stream pools (Ebersole et al 2003, Wigington et al 2006. While intermittent reaches may be a source for salmonid populations following wet winters ("boom" years) because of their high productivity and abundant spawning habitat, those same reaches may become population sinks in years when drought or human water diversion results in extreme contraction and poor water quality ("bust" years).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abiotic habitat thresholds for salmonid over‐summer survival in intermittent streams

2017

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Abstract. Intermittent streams lose surface flow during part of the year but can provide important habitat for imperiled fishes in residual pools. However, extended intermittency can drive high mortality as pool contraction decreases pool quality, and some pools dry completely. We evaluated the influence of a suite of abiotic habitat characteristics on the over-summer survival of two imperiled salmonid fishes (coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch; steelhead trout Oncorhynchus mykiss) at four study sites on two tributaries of Salmon Creek (Sonoma County, California, USA) from 2012 to 2014, during deepening drought conditions. Study sites spanned an intermittency gradient from continuous flow to near-dry conditions, and included alluvial and bedrock stream reaches. We estimated over-summer survival at the pool scale from fish presenceabsence data based on paired early-late summer snorkel surveys. We measured pool dimensions and water quality parameters monthly (more frequently during summer dry down) and, in 2013 and 2014, recorded water quality with continuous loggers in selected pools. We performed: (1) logistic regression in a generalized linear modeling framework to identify factors limiting over-summer survival and (2) classification trees using the random forests ensemble learning method to identify abiotic thresholds for sustaining salmonids. Results suggested that different factors governed mortality of the two species. Coho salmon, which tended to survive in large, deep pools, were limited by minimum dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations. In contrast, steelhead trout, which tended to survive in pools with large surface area, were sensitive to pool geometry and temperature. Both species persisted for weeks in large pools with low DO levels, including in pools where at least part of the water column reached sublethal or lethal levels. Our results suggest that shallow, lateral hyporheic flow may be important for maintaining DO and temperatures suitable for sustaining salmonids in isolated pools, whereas groundwater discharge originating from deeper flow paths may generate low-DO conditions that inhibit salmonid persistence. Geomorphically complex watersheds with a variety of pool geometries and high rates of lateral hyporheic exchange are those most likely to serve as "sanctuary reaches" for imperiled Pacific salmonid populations in semi-arid regions in the context of a changing climate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abiotic habitat thresholds for salmonid over‐summer survival in intermittent streams

2017

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“…Oncorhynchus mykiss rear and spawn in a broad range of ephemeral and perennial streams (Boughton et al 2009;McMillan et al 2013). Variation in annual flow regime, particularly summer low flows, may represent a population bottleneck for nonmigratory fishes (Courter et al 2009).…”

Section: Stream Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anadromy and residency in steelhead and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): a review of the processes and patterns

Kendall

McMillan

Sloat

et al. 2015

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

210

224

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Abstract:Oncorhynchus mykiss form partially migratory populations with anadromous fish that undergo marine migrations and residents that complete their life cycle in fresh water. Many populations' anadromous components are threatened or endangered, prompting interest in understanding ecological and evolutionary processes underlying anadromy and residency. In this paper, we synthesize information to better understand genetic and environmental influences on O. mykiss life histories, identify critical knowledge gaps, and suggest next steps. Anadromy and residency appear to reflect interactions among genetics, individual condition, and environmental influences. First, an increasing body of literature suggests that anadromous and resident individuals differ in the expression of genes related to growth, smoltification, and metabolism. Second, the literature supports the conditional strategy theory, where individuals adopt a life history pattern based on their conditional status relative to genetic thresholds along with ultimate effects of size and age at maturation and iteroparity. However, except for a generally positive association between residency and high lipid content plus a large attainable size in fresh water, the effects of body size and growth are inconsistent. Thus, individuals can exhibit plasticity in variable environments. Finally, patterns in anadromy and residency among and within populations suggested a wide range of possible environmental influences at different life stages, from freshwater temperature to marine survival. Although we document a number of interesting correlations, direct tests of mechanisms are scarce and little data exist on the extent of residency and anadromy. Consequently, we identified as many data gaps as conclusions, leaving ample room for future research.Résumé : Les truites arc-en-ciel (Oncorhynchus mykiss) forment des populations partiellement migratrices incluant des individus anadromes qui effectuent des migrations marines et des individus résidents dont le cycle biologique se déroule entièrement en eau douce. Les éléments anadromes de nombreuses populations sont menacés ou en voie de disparition, ce qui suscite un intérêt envers la compréhension des processus écologiques et évolutionnaires qui sous-tendent l'anadromie et la résidence. Nous présentons une synthèse de l'information disponible dans le but de mieux comprendre les influences génétiques et environnementales sur les cycles biologiques d'O. mykiss, de cerner les lacunes critiques en matière de connaissances et de proposer des avenues de recherche future. L'anadromie et la résidence semblent témoigner d'interactions entre la génétique, l'état des individus et des influences environnementales. D'abord, de plus en plus d'études donnent à penser que les individus anadromes et résidents diffèrent sur le plan de l'expression des gènes associés à la croissance, à la smoltification et au métabolisme. Deuxièmement, la documentation appuie la théorie de la stratégie conditionnelle selon laquelle les individus adoptent un m...

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“…The positive correlation between precipitation and Qsp was not surprising, and has been documented in other studies (Boughton et al 2009, Price et al 2011. However, the differences in magnitude of precipitation among the study basins were much less than the difference in magnitude of Qsp.…”

Section: Basin Characteristics and Baseflows 20mentioning

confidence: 68%

“…The magnitude and timing of precipitation is an independent control on streamflow generation (Boughton et al 2009, Price et al 2011. In Mediterranean climates, late spring precipitation may be critical (Hunter et al 2005, Klein 2009, Reid and Lewis 2011, Reid 2012.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Temporal Variability in Baseflow in the Mattole River Headwaters, California, USA

Queener¹,

Stubblefield

2016

Preprint

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Abstract.Increases in human population, water use, and climate change have the potential to increase water stress and scarcity particularly in ecosystems with pronounced seasonality in precipitation, yet our understanding of the landscape features that control baseflows remains limited. Repeated synoptic measurements of streamflow in small streams (basin area 10 . Unit-area yields varied widely, and this variation increased as flows declined at most sites. In nested basins, downstream declines in both discharge and unit-area yield were common. Basins with greater summer flow and a slower baseflow 15 recession had steeper slopes, higher elevations, less flat ground and narrower valleys, more dissected and strongly convergent topography, and more precipitation. The difference in water yield among basins was much greater than the difference in precipitation, likely resulting from varying basin water inputs, storage capacity, and routing. The positive correlation between basin steepness and flow is attributable to the thickness of the weathered bedrock layer in water storage, and more rapid bedrock weathering in steeper basins with higher rates of uplift resulting in greater basin storage capacity. 20Results show that basins in a small geographic area (<85 km 2 ) and with fairly similar geology, vegetation, and topography may generate widely differing baseflow. Streams with naturally low baseflows are particularly susceptible to water diversion. Low-gradient streams essential for coho salmon rearing may be particularly susceptible to climate change or water diversions that reduce streamflow. 25

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Spatial patterning of habitat for Oncorhynchus mykiss in a system of intermittent and perennial streams

Cited by 38 publications

References 86 publications

Abiotic habitat thresholds for salmonid over‐summer survival in intermittent streams

Abiotic habitat thresholds for salmonid over‐summer survival in intermittent streams

Anadromy and residency in steelhead and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): a review of the processes and patterns

Spatial and Temporal Variability in Baseflow in the Mattole River Headwaters, California, USA

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