Spatial heterogeneity in the abundance and fecundity of Arctic mosquitoes

Culler, Lauren E.; Ayres, Matthew P.; Virginia, Ross A.

doi:10.1002/ecs2.2345

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Culler et al (2018), working in our study area, found that 17% of adult females collected with sweep-nets were gravid with an average of 60 eggs per female, but the proportion of gravid females was variable across the landscape. Autogenous egg production is known to occur in A. nigripes in Canada (Corbet 1967) but appears to be rare or absent in our population (Culler et al 2018).…”

Section: Study Organismmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…A study in the Alaskan tundra (Blanton 1950), demonstrated that a 1‐ha area sprayed with DDT only required about three days to return to the pre‐spray Arctic mosquito density. As adults, Arctic mosquitoes are formidable pests for humans, caribou ( Rangifer tarandus ), and other wildlife (Corbet and Downe 1966, Nielsen and Nielsen 1966, Culler et al 2018), but are not known to be vectors of disease in Greenland (Müllerová et al 2018). Adult females of A. nigripes seek a blood meal and if successful, oviposit around the drying margins of ponds (Corbet and Danks 1975).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). Three ponds (1, 3, and 4) were labeled following Culler et al (2018). New study ponds were labeled as 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, and 3a, with repeated numbers indicating ponds in the same region ( Fig.…”

Section: Study Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Consumer–resource dynamics in Arctic ponds

DeSiervo

Ayres

Virginia

et al. 2020

Ecology

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Population dynamics are shaped by species interactions with resources, competitors, enemies, and environmental fluctuations that alter the strength of these interactions. We used a food web approach to investigate the population dynamics of an abundant Arctic mosquito species, Aedes nigripes (Diptera: Culicidae). Specifically, we evaluated the importance of bottom-up variation in aquatic biofilms (food) and top-down predation from diving beetles (Colymbetes dolabratus, Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) on mosquito population performance. In spring 2018, we tracked mosquito and predator populations across eight ponds in western Greenland, measured biofilm productivity with standardized samplers, and estimated grazing pressure by invertebrate consumers with an in situ exclosure experiment. We also assessed the quality of biofilms as nutrition for mosquito larvae and evaluated pond attributes that might influence biofilm productivity and food quality. Our results indicated that mosquito population dynamics were more related to resource quality and intraspecific competition than to the density of predaceous diving beetles. Ponds with better quality biofilm tended to have more hatching larvae and those populations experienced higher per capita mortality. This aggregation of larvae in what would otherwise be the best mosquito ponds was enough to produce relatively low fitness. Thus, the landscape would support more mosquitoes if they instead distributed themselves to match predictions of the ideal free distribution. Although mortality rates were highest in ponds with the highest initial densities, the increased mortality was not generally enough to compensate for initial abundance, and 78% of the variation in the density of mosquitoes emerging from ponds was explained by the initial number of larvae in a pond. Resource quality was a strong predictor of consumer abundance, yet there was no evidence that biofilm grazing pressure was greater in ponds where mosquito density was higher. Collectively, our results suggest that mosquito ponds in western Greenland are a mosaic of source and pseudo-sink populations structured by oviposition tendencies, biofilm resource quality, and density-dependent larval mortality.

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Section: Study Organismmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Consumer–resource dynamics in Arctic ponds

DeSiervo

Ayres

Virginia

et al. 2020

Ecology

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“…Conversely, if spring snowmelt occurs sooner and lakes and ponds become warmer earlier in the year, this could lead to an early emergence of some insects (Culler et al, ), with cascading impacts across aquatic‐terrestrial boundaries. For instance, Arctic mosquito aquatic emergence timing may impact plant pollination and caribou reproductive success (Culler et al, , ; Urbanowicz et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing Lake Dynamics Indicate a Drier Arctic in Western Greenland

et al. 2019

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The water balance of the Arctic tundra is shifting as permafrost stability, seasonality, and the ratio of precipitation to evaporation respond to amplified Arctic warming. While in some northern tundra locations there has been a notable increase in the number of water bodies, generally, the tundra landscape has experienced a decline in the number and area of lakes. We analyzed changes in small lake count (<10,000 m 2 ), large lake count (>10,000 m 2 ), and lake surface area across the periglacial tundra of western Greenland, using historical satellite and aerial imagery and weather data from the late 1960s to present. Overall, we found a decrease in lake count (21%) and surface area (2%) across our study region. Specifically, smaller ponds were particularly prone to change, with decreases of 28% in count and 15% in surface area. Shrinking lakes often became revegetated by both emergent aquatic and terrestrial vegetation, which captures potential successional trajectories following Arctic lake drying. Additionally, while annual precipitation may be increasing, it occurred primarily during the winter months in the form of snow, which may or may not contribute to the overall growing season water budget. Conversely, the peak growing season months of June, July, and August all have experienced significant increases in potential evaporation rates, thus likely creating a water deficit for much of the growing season. These results suggest that a large section of deglaciated Greenland appears likely to become drier in the summer months, which may result in widespread ecological consequences.Plain Language Summary Arctic tundra environments may become drier as the climate continues to warm, due to changes in precipitation and evaporation patterns, and losses of permanent ground ice. In many Arctic systems, lakes are widely distributed and thus can serve as an early indicator of drying conditions. We predicted that our study region of west Greenland would be particularly susceptible to drying due to low levels of precipitation and observed warming trends at a rate of approximately 0.5°C per decade. Using historical and modern satellite and aerial imagery, we observed a decrease in the number of small lakes by 28% and a 15% decrease in the total area of smaller water bodies between 1969 and 2017. Additionally, we found that many of the disappeared lakes from 1969 appeared to have become vegetated. An analysis of historical weather data suggested that water losses to the atmosphere via evaporation have likely increased, especially in the summer months, which may be contributing to observed lake decline. Declining small lake area across our study region and other parts of the Arctic can have landscape-wide effects such as changes to available animal habitat, increases in the risk of fire, and to the prevalence of drought conditions.

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“…Siklus hidup nyamuk terbagi menjadi 4 stadium yaitu telur, larva, pupa, dan imago (dewasa) (12). Dalam satu siklus hidupnya, nyamuk memiliki dua tempat hidup dengan karakteristik yang berbeda, yaitu wilayah perairan pada fase larva dan pupa serta wilayah terrestrial (fase imago/dewasa) (13)(14)(15). Saat akan bertelur, nyamuk akan memilih tempat dengan kondisi yang sesuai, antara lain ketersediaan makanan, suhu, sumber air, kelembaban, bahan, warna, dan kadar amonia (16,17).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Identification of Culicidae Family Diversity as Vector Control Management and Mosquito-Borne Disease Prevention in Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta

Windyaraini

Siregar

Vanani

et al. 2020

JKL

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Introduction: Family Culicidae was the presence of a mosquito that had a potential vector to cause the spread of dengue fever and some diseases. Mosquito diversity could be different due to human and environmental factors in those regions. This study aims to identify mosquito (family Culicidae) diversity and characteristics of breeding places as vector control management and mosquito-borne disease prevention in the area of Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. Method: The study was conducted from April to September 2018. A sampling of mosquito larvae and observation of mosquitoes breeding places characteristics were carried out inside and outside the Universitas Gadjah Mada campus building which was divided into 5 clusters, there were Science and Engineering cluster, Medica, Agro, Vocational School, and Social Science. Mosquito diversity in the Universitas Gadjah Mada campus area was analyzed used the Shannon-Wienner diversity index. Result and Discussion: Mosquitoes found in the area of Universitas Gadjah Mada consist of two phases with total number 153 larvae and pupae, namely Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Anopheles spp., and Culex spp. The mosquito with the highest number of larvae and pupae was Aedes albopictus, while Anopheles spp. Only found 1 pupa phase. The number of obtained containers was 50 containers, with 6 positive containers of mosquito larvae. Mostly, the type of container found with mosquito larvae was bucket. For each container observed, the temperature and pH of water in the container were measured and it was found that the water temperature reached 24 – 28°C with pH 6 – 7. Conclusion: Mosquito diversity from all of the areas in Universitas Gadjah Mada was grouped as a medium category, with the greatest number of mosquito larvae were found in Science and Engineering cluster. Containers were located in the open area had more mosquito larvae. Mosquito control is focused on environmental management, biological control, and chemical use.

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Spatial heterogeneity in the abundance and fecundity of Arctic mosquitoes

Cited by 12 publications

References 67 publications

Consumer–resource dynamics in Arctic ponds

Consumer–resource dynamics in Arctic ponds

Changing Lake Dynamics Indicate a Drier Arctic in Western Greenland

Identification of Culicidae Family Diversity as Vector Control Management and Mosquito-Borne Disease Prevention in Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta

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