Abstract:Population dynamics and structure of young individuals of the tree Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. (Caesalpiniaceae) were studied in the gallery forest of the Panga Ecological Station, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil. Three distinct habitats were recognized in this forest, Dike, Middle and Edge zone. Four annual surveys of plant height, diameter at plant base and density were made between 1993 and 1996. The species showed an aggregated distribution in all three habitats. Population structure in all four surveys presented … Show more
“…The shape of the diameter distribution of regeneration was not negative exponential (i.e., inverted J). Negative exponential diameter and height distributions for Copaifera regeneration were observed by Resende [12] and Rigamonti-Azevedo [46], unlike our results (Table 4). Resende et al [12] observed a change in distributional shape over a three year observation period, wherein the number of regenerating Copaifera in smaller diameter classes decreased, but increased in the largest diameter class.…”
Section: Effects Of Reduced-impact Logging On Diameter Distribution Ocontrasting
confidence: 99%
“…Negative exponential diameter and height distributions for Copaifera regeneration were observed by Resende [12] and Rigamonti-Azevedo [46], unlike our results (Table 4). Resende et al [12] observed a change in distributional shape over a three year observation period, wherein the number of regenerating Copaifera in smaller diameter classes decreased, but increased in the largest diameter class. However, we observed Copaifera regeneration presence in all diameter classes and an increasing number of recruits in the larger classes of managed stands, in contrast with unmanaged stands.…”
Section: Effects Of Reduced-impact Logging On Diameter Distribution Ocontrasting
Timber management directly influences the population dynamics of tree species, like Copaifera spp. (copaíba), which provide oil-resin with ecological and economic importance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the structure and population dynamics of Copaifera in unmanaged and managed stands by reduced-impact logging (RIL) in eastern Amazon in Pará state, Brazil. Based on a stem map of the study area, 40 Copaifera trees were randomly selected, where an equal number of trees were selected in managed and unmanaged stands. A transect of 10 × 100 m was centered at each tree (50 m each side) to assess Copaifera regeneration. Transects were subdivided into ten plots, of which six were systematically chosen to assess the height, diameter and number of Copaifera seedlings and saplings. The field assessment occurred in 2011 and 2013. To estimate the amount of sunlight transmitted to the forest floor, we computed canopy cover from airborne LiDAR data. According to the results, the abundance of Copaifera seedlings/saplings was higher in managed than unmanaged stands. About 5% of Copaifera regeneration was found between 45-50 m from the Copaifera tree while~73% of regeneration was concentrated within a 10 m radius of the Copaifera tree. We verified that the diameter distribution of Copaifera regeneration was not a negative exponential distribution, as is typical of most tree species in natural forest. Rather, the Copaifera regeneration had a spatially aggregated distribution. In this short-term analysis, the impact of timber management is not negatively affecting the population structure or dynamics of Copaifera regeneration.
“…The shape of the diameter distribution of regeneration was not negative exponential (i.e., inverted J). Negative exponential diameter and height distributions for Copaifera regeneration were observed by Resende [12] and Rigamonti-Azevedo [46], unlike our results (Table 4). Resende et al [12] observed a change in distributional shape over a three year observation period, wherein the number of regenerating Copaifera in smaller diameter classes decreased, but increased in the largest diameter class.…”
Section: Effects Of Reduced-impact Logging On Diameter Distribution Ocontrasting
confidence: 99%
“…Negative exponential diameter and height distributions for Copaifera regeneration were observed by Resende [12] and Rigamonti-Azevedo [46], unlike our results (Table 4). Resende et al [12] observed a change in distributional shape over a three year observation period, wherein the number of regenerating Copaifera in smaller diameter classes decreased, but increased in the largest diameter class. However, we observed Copaifera regeneration presence in all diameter classes and an increasing number of recruits in the larger classes of managed stands, in contrast with unmanaged stands.…”
Section: Effects Of Reduced-impact Logging On Diameter Distribution Ocontrasting
Timber management directly influences the population dynamics of tree species, like Copaifera spp. (copaíba), which provide oil-resin with ecological and economic importance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the structure and population dynamics of Copaifera in unmanaged and managed stands by reduced-impact logging (RIL) in eastern Amazon in Pará state, Brazil. Based on a stem map of the study area, 40 Copaifera trees were randomly selected, where an equal number of trees were selected in managed and unmanaged stands. A transect of 10 × 100 m was centered at each tree (50 m each side) to assess Copaifera regeneration. Transects were subdivided into ten plots, of which six were systematically chosen to assess the height, diameter and number of Copaifera seedlings and saplings. The field assessment occurred in 2011 and 2013. To estimate the amount of sunlight transmitted to the forest floor, we computed canopy cover from airborne LiDAR data. According to the results, the abundance of Copaifera seedlings/saplings was higher in managed than unmanaged stands. About 5% of Copaifera regeneration was found between 45-50 m from the Copaifera tree while~73% of regeneration was concentrated within a 10 m radius of the Copaifera tree. We verified that the diameter distribution of Copaifera regeneration was not a negative exponential distribution, as is typical of most tree species in natural forest. Rather, the Copaifera regeneration had a spatially aggregated distribution. In this short-term analysis, the impact of timber management is not negatively affecting the population structure or dynamics of Copaifera regeneration.
“…Thus, propagules coming from other nonflooded communities can easily colonize swamp areas, especially those species with zoochorous dispersion [36]. A good example in the study area is Copaifera langsdorffii, more frequently found in nonflooded forests [21,37], but present in the seedling category. However, once plants start to grow and become sapling, the floristic composition changes remarkably in the studied swamp forest.…”
Processes driving the assembly of swamp forest communities have been poorly explored. We analyzed natural regeneration and adult tree communities data of a swamp gallery forest in Central Brazil to discuss the role of ecological filters in shaping plant species turnover in a successional gradient. Species data of 120 plots were used to assess species turnover between natural regeneration and adult tree communities. Our analyses were based on 4995 individuals belonging to 72 species. Community patterns were discerned using ordination analyses. A clear floristic turnover among plant life stages was distinguished. Regeneration community of swamp forests was richer in species composition than the adult community. Tree species commonly found in nonflooded gallery forests were present in the regeneration plots but not in the adult community. Differences in the floristic composition of these two strata suggest that not all species in the seedling stage can stand permanent flooding conditions and only a few tolerant species survive to become adult trees. We propose that natural disturbances play an important role by altering limiting resources, allowing seeds of nonflooded forest species to germinate. This paper elucidates the turnover between plant life stages in swamp forests and suggests mechanisms that may shape these communities.
“…Finalizando, a estrutura espacial agregada dessas cinco populações corrobora com o padrão geral encontrado em outros estudos e revela-se dominante entre as espécies vegetais do Cerrado em diferentes escalas e fitofisionomias (Oliveira et al 1989, Meireles & Luiz 1995, Hay et al 2000, Resende et al 2003, Souza & Coimbra 2005, Costa 2006, LimaRibeiro 2007a, b, Lima-Ribeiro & Prado 2007. Além disso, o estudo evidencia influência do substrato no padrão de distribuição espacial dos indivíduos e sugere associação entre as espécies analisadas.…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
“…No Cerrado brasileiro, várias espécies vegetais tem mostrado um padrão de distribuição espacial agregado em diferentes escalas e localidades (Oliveira et al 1989, Meireles & Luiz 1995, Hay et al 2000, Resende et al 2003, Monteiro & Fisch 2005, Souza & Coimbra 2005, Lima-Ribeiro, 2007a, b, Lima-Ribeiro & Prado 2007. Este padrão de distribuição parece ser predominante entre as espécies arbóreo-arbustivas dos cerrados, indicando semelhanças entre os processos de estruturação e dinâmica populacional ocorrentes nas savanas em geral, onde a estrutura espacial dominante das espécies vegetais também é agregada, como descrito por San Jose et al (1991) para espécies arbóreas dos Llanos venezuelanos.…”
-(Spatial distribution pattern and size structure of tree species and its structuring factors in a fragment of the Brazilian cerrado). The aim of this study was to analyze population structure and spatial distribution pattern of five tree species in a fragment of cerrado stricto sensu in the southwest of the Goiás State, Brazil. Fifty quadrats of 10 × 10 m (100 m 2 ) were surveyed, and all individuals within each quadrat were sampled. The theoric distributions of Poisson and Negative Binomial and two indices of dispersion, the variance to mean ratio (I) and the Green's coefficient (I g ), were used to detect the spatial pattern of the populations. The population structure was verified by the frequencies distribution of six size classes. An aggregated spatial pattern was detected for all species, with smaller individuals segregated spatially from bigger individuals, except for Qualea grandiflora Mart., and also the distribution of size classes in "reverse J-shaped", but with many particularities. This suggests differences in the structural pattern of the populations investigated and, consequently, in its dynamics and structuring processes.
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