Spatial Heterogeneity and Imperfect Mixing in Chemical Reactions: Visualization of Density-Driven Pattern Formation

Abstract

Iron manganese oxides are prepared using a coprecipitation procedure and studied for the conversion of synthesis gas to light olefins and C 5 + hydrocarbons. In particular, the effect of a range of preparation variables such as [Fe]/[Mn] molar ratios of the precipitation solution, pH of precipitation, temperature of precipitation, and precipitate aging times was investigated in detail. The results are interpreted in terms of the structure of the active catalyst and it has been generally concluded that the calcined catalyst (at 650• C for 6 hours) containing 50%Fe/50%Mn-on molar basis which is the most active catalyst for the conversion of synthesis gas to light olefins. The effects of different promoters and supports with loading of optimum support on the catalytic performance of catalysts are also studied. It was found that the catalyst containing 50%Fe/50%Mn/5 wt.%Al 2 O 3 is an optimum-modified catalyst. The catalytic performance of optimal catalyst has been studied in operation conditions such as a range of reaction temperatures, H 2 /CO molar feed ratios and a range of total pressures. Characterization of both precursors and calcined catalysts is carried out by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), BET specific surface area and thermal analysis methods such as TGA and DSC.

The Effect of the Polymer Type in the Three-Phases Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Catalyzed by suspended Iron Nanocatalysts

“…The CO conversion (%) and The selectivities (%) of liquid hydrocarbons (C5+) are calculated according to the 16 (…”

Energy Analysis in Combined Reforming of Propane

“…Syngas (H 2 + CO) is an important commodity for various applications. It is used as fuel in internal combustion (IC) engines [1][2][3][4][5], raw material for chemical manufacture by FT synthesis to produce hydrocarbons [6][7][8][9], for synthesis of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) [10,11], gasoline [12], alcohols [13][14][15][16][17][18], dimethyl ether [19][20][21], methanethiol [22], and also as a fuel for SOFC in fuel cells [23,24]. It has been used as raw material as fuel in gas turbines [25][26][27], for use in coal liquefaction [28], for use in cofiring and reburning in a coal fired boiler [29], and also to synthesize biofuels by syngas fermentation [30].…”