Spatial distribution of microregions specialized in milk production

Abstract

The aim of this study was to verify and characterizes the spatial distribution of the microregions specialized in bovine milk production in Paraná State, Brazil, using data from the Municipal Livestock Survey conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and the Central Bank of Brazil's National Program to Strengthen Household Agriculture (PRONAF), from 2000 to 2012. Methodologically, we carry out location quotient (LQ), principal component, (PCA) and cluster analyses. Based on the results of the LQ, of the 39 microregions in Paraná State analyzed, 13 are identified as specializing in milk production. In particular, the West and Southwest mesoregions as well as the microregion of Ponta Grossa, in relative terms, account for 58% of the milk produced in the study period. Additionally, based on the PCA, 2 principal components are found to explain 91.5% of the variability in the data, termed technically enhanced production and household production. Finally, by using cluster analysis, five groups are identified among the microregions specializing in milk production, thus indicating marked heterogeneity across the state. This situation requires the expansion of public policies that mitigate regional disparities and provide the state with production gains from milk farming. Key words: Animal production. Bovine milk production. Regional development. Paraná State. Brazil ResumoO objetivo deste estudo foi verificar e caracterizar a distribuição espacial das microrregiões paranaenses especializadas na produção de leite bovino. Para tanto foram utilizados dados da Pesquisa Pecuária Municipal do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística e do Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar, do Banco Central do Brasil, referentes aos anos de 2000 a 2012. Foram realizadas análises do quociente locacional (QL), de componentes principais (ACP) e de agrupamentos. A partir dos resultados do QL foram identificadas 13 microrregiões paranaenses especializadas na produção de leite dentre as 39 existentes. Além disso, constatou-se que as mesorregiões oeste e sudoeste e a microrregião de Ponta Grossa, em termos relativos, responderam por 58% do valor bruto da produção do leite no período analisado. Ademais, a partir da ACP, foram identificados 2 componentes principais, suficientes para explicar 91,5% da variabilidade dos dados, sendo nominados de produção tecnificada e produção familiar. Entre as microrregiões especializadas na produção de leite, por meio da análise de agrupamentos, foram identificados 5 grupos, indicando uma acentuada heterogeneidade no estado. A conjuntura que se apresenta requer a formulação de políticas públicas que amenizem as disparidades regionais e que possam proporcionar ao estado ganhos de produção na atividade leiteira. Palavras-chave: Produção animal. Bovinocultura de leite. Desenvolvimento regional. Paraná. Brasil.

Spatial dynamics of orange production in the state of Paraná, Brazil

“…In this study, LQ was used to identify microregions specialized in orange production. This indicator has been used for the same purpose in relation to different agricultural activities, with emphasis on soy (FREITAS; MENDONÇA, 2016), coffee (VOLSI et al, 2019), and dairy cattle (MARION FILHO et al, 2015;TELLES et al, 2017). To reduce the possible effects generated by seasonality in orange production, the average GPV was used to calculate the LQ for the 1998-2002, 2003-2007, 2008-2012, and 2013-2017 These same periods were used to analyze the harvested area (ha), amount produced (t), and productivity (t ha -1 ), in order to reduce possible effects generated by seasonality in orange production.…”

Milk production systems in Southern Brazil

“…In 2016, Southern Brazil produced 12.45 billion liters of milk, constituting 37% of national production (IBGE 2018). Nonetheless, in terms of productivity and production processes, high levels of heterogeneity persist among Southern states and microregions specialized in dairy activities, with locations differentiated to the greatest degree by levels of technological intensity in milk production (Fernandes et al 2004, Telles et al 2017.…”

Technical and economic indicators of milk production systems in the Caiuá sandstone region

“…This is associated with organizational technical factors, such as collaboration between teaching, research and extension institutions, in addition to credit associations, the use of specialized labor, the selection of a herd with greater productivity and an active cooperative structure (Passetti, Eiras, Gomes, Santos, & Prado, 2016). However, there is a great heterogeneity between the producing regions (Capucho & Parré, 2012;Telles, Bacchi, & Shimizu, 2017) and the respective milk producers in Paraná (Lange et al, 2016;Neumann et al, 2016;Passetti et al, 2016). This difference is primarily characterized by the adoption of production techniques, feed supplementation for the dairy herd and genetic enhancements.…”

“…It has approximately 23% of the effective cattle herd and 26% of the land used for pasture in the state, and approximately 78% of the establishments are family farms (Bazotti et al, 2012). According to Bánkuti, Caldas, Bánkuti, and Granco (2017) and Telles et al (2017), this region of Paraná specializes in dairy farming.…”