Spatial distribution of insecticide resistant populations of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus and first detection of V410L mutation in Ae. aegypti from Cameroon

Montgomery, Matthew; Harwood, James F.; Yougang, Aurélie P.; Wilson-Bahun, Theodel A.; Tedjou, Armel N.; Keumeni, Christophe R.; Kilpatrick, A. Marm; Wondji, Charles S.; Kamgang, Basile

doi:10.1186/s40249-022-01013-8

Cited by 9 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…In this study three kdr mutations F1534C, V1016I and V410L known as involved in pyrethroids resistance in Aedes mosquito are reported. These mutations have already been reported in Cameroon [ 23 – 25 ] and other countries in Africa [ 18 , 42 , 49 – 52 ] and abroad [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

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Spatial distribution and insecticide resistance profile of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Douala, the most important city of Cameroon

et al. 2022

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Prevention and control of Aedes-borne viral diseases such as dengue rely on vector control, including the use of insecticides and reduction of larval sources. However, this is threatened by the emergence of insecticide resistance. This study aimed to update the spatial distribution, the insecticide resistance profile of A. aegypti and A. albopictus and the potential resistant mechanisms implicated in the city of Douala. Immature stages of Aedes were collected in August 2020 in eight neighbourhoods in Douala and reared to adult stages. Adult bioassays, and piperonyl butoxide (PBO) synergist assays were carried out according to World Health Organization recommendations. Expression of some candidate metabolic genes including Cyp9M6F88/87, Cyp9J28a, Cyp9J10 and Cyp9J32 in A. aegypti, and Cyp6P12 in A. albopictus were assessed using qPCR. A. aegypti adults G0 were screened using real time melting curve qPCR analyses to genotype the F1534C, V1016I and V410L Aedes kdr mutations. Overall, A. aegypti is the predominant Aedes species, but analyses revealed that both A. albopictus and A. aegypti coexist in all the prospected neighbourhoods of Douala. High level of resistance was observed to three pyrethroids tested in both Aedes species. In A. aegypti a lower mortality rate was reported to permethrin (5.83%) and a higher mortality rate to deltamethrin (63.74%). Meanwhile, for A. albopictus, lower (6.72%) and higher (84.11%) mortality rates were reported to deltamethrin. Similar analysis with bendiocarb, revealed for A. aegypti a loss of susceptibility. However, in A. albopictus samples, analyses revealed a susceptibility in Logbessou, and confirmed resistance in Kotto (59.78%). A partial recovery of mortality was found to insecticides after pre-exposure to PBO. Cyp6P12 was found significantly overexpressed in A. albopictus permethrin resistant and Cyp9M6F88/87 for A. aegypti deltamethrin resistant. F1534C, V1016I and V410L mutations were detected in A. aegypti from different neighbourhoods and by considering the combination of these three kdr 14 genotypes were found. These findings provide relevant information which should be capitalised in the implementation of arbovirus vector control strategies and insecticide resistance management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…In A. aegypti, 11 kdr mutations at 9 different codons positions in the VGSC domains I-IV have been reported [12,22]. Among them F1534C, V410L and V1016G, have already been identified in Cameroon [23][24][25]. Till date, only four VGSC mutations have been detected in A. albopictus affecting two codons (1532 and 1534).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution and insecticide resistance profile of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Douala, the most important city of Cameroon

et al. 2022

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“…Aedes aegypti has rarely been the target of focused vector control in Africa, except during periods of dengue outbreaks. Nonetheless, populations are often documented to exhibit resistance to pyrethroid insecticides, especially in west and central Africa [8, 9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pyrethroid resistance in Africa is typically associated with knockdown resistance ( kdr ) mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (Vgsc), especially 1534C, 1016I, and 410L [9, 10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three years of insecticide resistance evolution and associated mechanisms inAedes aegyptipopulations of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Yaméogo,

Sombié,

Oté

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: Resistance to insecticides is spreading among populations of Aedes aegypti, the primary vector of important human arboviruses. The escalating insecticide resistance poses a significant threat to dengue vector control, with an expanding number of countries affected by the disease. To gain a deeper insight into the evolution of insecticide resistance, it is essential to have longitudinal surveillance results, which are currently lacking, particularly from African Ae. aegypti populations. Here we report on three-years of surveillance of Ae. aegypti susceptibility to insecticide resistance phenotypes and associated kdr mutations in Burkina Faso, a country with regular dengue outbreaks. Methods: Ae. aegypti susceptibility to insecticides and the V410L, V1016I, and F1534C kdr target site mutations linked to pyrethroid insecticide resistance were monitored in Ouagadougou from 2016 to 2018. Larvae were collected from artificial containers at two sites and reared to adulthood in an insectary. Bioassays were conducted on female adults, alongside with a laboratory-susceptible strain, following standard WHO protocols. Allele-specific PCR genotyping assays were utilized to identify the V410L, V1016I, and F1534C kdr pyrethroid target site mutations. Results: Bioassays revealed a high level of resistance to permethrin and deltamethrin that progressively increased over the three-year period in both localities. The 1534C mutation was nearly fixed throughout the three years at each locality, and while the closely related 410L and 1016I mutations did not vary between localities, their frequency notably increased from 2016 to 2018. Interestingly, Ae. aegypti populations in both areas remained susceptible to bendiocarb, fenitrothion, and malathion. Modeling the mortality data further confirmed the escalating resistance trend over the years and emphasized the significant role played by the three kdr mutations in conferring resistance to pyrethroids. Conclusion: Mortality rates indicate that Ae. aegypti populations from Ouagadougou are becoming increasingly resistant to pyrethroid insecticides, likely due to an increase in the frequencies of the 410L and 1016I kdr mutations. Organophosphate insecticides are likely to be better alternative options for control.

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“…Aedes albopictus is now prevalent across remote areas of Central Africa (Djiappi-Tchamen et al . 2021; Montgomery et al . 2022; Canelas et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aedes albopictusis present in the lowlands of southern Zambia

Matute,

Cooper

2023

Preprint

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Identifying the current geographic range of disease vectors is a critical first step towards determining effective mechanisms for controlling and potentially eradicating them. This is particularly true given that historical vector ranges may expand due to changing climates and human activity. TheAedessubgenusStegomyiacontains over 100 species, and among them,Ae. aegyptiandAe. albopictusmosquitoes represent the largest concern for public health, spreading dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses. WhileAe. aegyptihas been observed in the country of Zambia for decades,Ae. albopictushas not. In 2015 we sampled four urban and two rural areas in Zambia forAedesspecies. Using DNA barcoding, we confirmed the presence of immature and adultAe. albopictusat two rural sites: Siavonga and Livingstone. These genotypes seem most closely related to specimens previously collected in Mozambique based on CO1 sequence from mtDNA. We resampled Siavonga and Livingstone sites in 2019, again observing immature and adultAe. albopictusat both sites. RelativeAe. albopictusfrequencies were similar between sites, with the exception of immature life stages, which were higher in Siavonga than in Livingstone in 2019. WhileAe. albopictusfrequencies did not vary through time in Livingstone, both immature and adult frequencies increased through time in Siavonga. This report serves to document the presence ofAe. albopictusin Zambia, which will contribute to the process of determining the potential public health implications of this disease vector in Central Africa.

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Spatial distribution of insecticide resistant populations of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus and first detection of V410L mutation in Ae. aegypti from Cameroon

Cited by 9 publications

References 44 publications

Spatial distribution and insecticide resistance profile of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Douala, the most important city of Cameroon

Spatial distribution and insecticide resistance profile of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Douala, the most important city of Cameroon

Three years of insecticide resistance evolution and associated mechanisms inAedes aegyptipopulations of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Aedes albopictusis present in the lowlands of southern Zambia

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