Spatial dissociation of visual inputs alters the origin of the corpus callosum

Elberger, Andrea J.; Smith, Earl L.; White, Janis M.

doi:10.1016/0304-3940(83)90520-7

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This contrasts with several previous reports that the area 17/18 callosal zone in strabismic cats is wider than in normally reared cats (Lund et al, 1978;Innocenti and Frost, 1979;Lund and Mitchell, 1979;Berman and Payne, 1983;Elberger et al, 1983). However, other reports have noted that the distribution of callosal cells and terminations produced by strabismus is only slightly wider than normal (Payne et al, 1988) or is moderately enlarged (Innocenti, 1991).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

“…In the present study, the amount of deviation was about 12" on average, whereas, in previous studies, unilaterally induced deviations ranged from 4" to 22" (Berman and Payne, 1983;Elberger et al, 1983), and bilaterally induced strabismus ranged from 26" to 45" (Innocenti and Frost, 1979). Although these deviations are substantial, it is possible that even larger deviations are necessary for producing marked increases in the width of the area 17/18 callosal zone.…”

Section: Distance (Mm)contrasting

confidence: 58%

“…In agreement with this hypothesis that correlated binocular input can lead to the stabilization of juvenile callosal axons, several previous experiments in strabismic cats reported moderately expanded callosal cell zones in area 17 (Innocenti and Frost, 1979;Berman and Payne, 1983;Elberger et al, 1983). Expansions of the callosal terminal territories in the same area were also observed in some animals (Lund et al, 1978;Lund and Mitchell, 1979;Berman and Payne, 1983).…”

supporting

confidence: 59%

“…I t is important to recognize that the present findings as well as findings from previous studies of strabismic animals (Lund et al, 1978;Innocenti and Frost, 1979;Lund and Mitchell, 1979;Berman and Payne, 1983;Elberger et al, 1983) specifically address the idea that interhemispheric correlations in activity generated by a binocular mechanism play an important role in callosal development. Evidence that this kind of mechanism actually exists comes from studies of the Xenopus frog, where it has been shown that interocular interactions are responsible for the development of intertectal commissural connections that subserve binocular cells in the tectum (Keating and Feldman, 1975;Udin and Keating, 1981).…”

Section: Distance (Mm)mentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Three vertical lines above each bin on the abscissa show the full range of data for all four animals in each of the three groups. The spheres when it was predicted in only one of them, and no systematic relation was found between the degree of expansion of the callosally projecting zone in area 17 and the angle of strabismus (Berman and Payne, 1983;Elberger et al, 1983). In addition, the increases in the width of the callosal zone in striate cortex were modest compared to the wealth of callosal projections at birth, and the vast majority of callosal connections were still found at the area 17/18 border rather than at the displaced representation of the vertical meridian in striate cortex (Innocenti and Frost, 1979;Berman and Payne, 1983;Elberger et al, 1983).…”

Section: Distance (Mm)mentioning

confidence: 93%

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Distribution of visual callosal neurons in normal and strabismic cats

1996

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It has been suggested that synchronous activation of cortical loci in the two cerebral hemispheres during development leads to the stabilization of juvenile callosal connections in some areas of the visual cortex. One way in which loci in opposite hemispheres can be synchronously activated is if they receive signals generated by the same stimulus viewed through different eyes. These ideas lead to the prediction that shifts in the cortical representation of the visual field caused by misalignment of the visual axes (strabismus) should change the width of the callosal zone in the striate cortex. We tested this prediction by using quantitative techniques to compare the tangential distribution of callosal neurons in the striate cortex of strabismic cats to that in normally reared cats. Animals were rendered strabismic surgically at 8-10 days of age and were allowed to survive a minimum of 18 weeks, at which time multiple intracortical injections of the tracer horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were used to reveal the distribution of callosally projecting cells in the contralateral striate cortex. HRP-labeled cells were counted in coronal sections, and data from four animals with divergent strabismus (exotropia) and four with convergent strabismus (esotropia) were compared to those from four normally reared animals. Although our data from strabismic cats do not differ markedly from those reported previously, we find that the distribution of callosal cells in the striate cortex of these cats does not differ significantly from that in our normally reared control cats. These results do not bear out the prediction that surgically shifting the visual axes leads to stabilization of juvenile callosal axons in anomalous places within the striate cortex.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

Section: Distance (Mm)contrasting

confidence: 58%

supporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Distance (Mm)mentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Distance (Mm)mentioning

confidence: 93%

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Distribution of visual callosal neurons in normal and strabismic cats

1996

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Developmental refinement of visual callosal inputs to ferret area 17

Khalil

Gonzalez

Alsuwaidi

et al. 2021

J of Comparative Neurology

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Corticocortical connections link visual cortical areas in both the ipsilateral and contralateral hemispheres. We studied the postnatal refinement of callosal connections linking multiple cortical areas with ferret area 17 during the period from just before eye opening (4 weeks) to 10 weeks of age. We aimed to determine (1) whether callosal projections from multiple visual cortical areas to area 17 refine with a similar rate and(2) whether the refinement of callosal projections parallels that of intrahemispheric cortical circuits. We injected the bidirectional tracer CTb into area 17, and mapped the areal and laminar distribution of labeled cells in visual areas of the contralateral hemisphere. Like intrahemispheric projections, callosal inputs to area 17 before eye opening are dominated by Suprasylvian area Ssy (with lesser and comparable input from areas 17, 18, 19, and 21), but within 2 weeks of eye opening are jointly dominated by area 18 and Ssy inputs; however, there are fewer labeled cells in the contralateral hemisphere. Unlike intrahemispheric projections, there is no laminar reorganization of callosal inputs; in all visual areas and at all ages studied, the greatest proportion of callosal projections arises from the infragranular layers. Also, unlike intrahemispheric projections, the peak density of callosal cells in each area projecting to area 17 declines more modestly. These results reveal important similarities and differences in the postnatal reorganization of inter-and intrahemispheric projections to area 17.

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Effects of corpus callosum section on functional compensation in the posteromedial lateral suprasylvian visual area after early visual cortex damage in cats

Tong

Spear

Kalil

1987

J of Comparative Neurology

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A visual cortex lesion made in adult cats leads to a loss of direction selectivity and a loss of response to the ipsilateral eye among cells in posteromedial lateral suprasylvian (PMLS) cortex of cats. However, a visual cortex lesion made in young cats results in normal direction selectivity and normal ocular dominance in PMLS cortex. Thus cats with an early lesion demonstrate functional compensation in PMLS cortex. The present experiment determined whether the functional compensation depends upon an intact corpus callosum. Cats received a unilateral visual cortex lesion on the day of birth (day 1) or at 8 weeks of age. When the cats were adult, the corpus callosum was sectioned and 24 hours later recordings were made in PMLS cortex ipsilateral to the visual cortex lesion. Results were compared to cats with a similar lesion and an intact corpus callosum. In cats with a lesion made on day 1, a corpus callosum section did not affect receptive-field properties or ocular dominance in PMLS cortex. Therefore, functional compensation is not dependent on input via the corpus callosum in these animals. However, in cats with a lesion made at 8 weeks. a corpus callosum section resulted in a decrease in the percentage of direction-selective cells and in the percentage of cells driven by the ipsilateral eye. Despite the decrease, the percentage of direction-selective cells still was greater than in cats with an adult unilateral visual cortex lesion. Thus, while partly dependent on callosal inputs, some functional compensation for direction selectivity remains on the basis of ipsilateral inputs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Spatial dissociation of visual inputs alters the origin of the corpus callosum

Cited by 27 publications

References 16 publications

Distribution of visual callosal neurons in normal and strabismic cats

Distribution of visual callosal neurons in normal and strabismic cats

Developmental refinement of visual callosal inputs to ferret area 17

Effects of corpus callosum section on functional compensation in the posteromedial lateral suprasylvian visual area after early visual cortex damage in cats

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