Spatial difference in elemental signatures within early ontogenetic statolith for identifying Jumbo flying squid natal origins

Abstract

Signatures of trace elements and isotopes in the parts of hard structures formed in the early ontogenetic stages can be used as potential natural tags of adult cephalopods to trace their origins. The Jumbo flying squid, Dosidicus gigas, is widely distributed in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Fourteen detected elemental signatures (7Li, 23Na, 24Mg, 39K, 43Ca 55Mn, 59Co, 60Ni, 63Cu, 66Zn, 88Sr, 137Ba, 208Pb and 238U) were determined in the nuclear zone (N), representing the embryonic stage, and the postnuclear zone (PN), representing the paralarval stage of statoliths for adult D. gigas collected off the Costa Rican, Peruvian and Chilean Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS). All measured signatures were significantly different between embryonic and paralarval statoliths, except for Sr, Ba and Pb. Over the three regions, a significant difference was found for Na and Ba within embryonic statoliths and Zn and Ba within paralarval statoliths. A high Ba/Ca ratio in statoliths obtained from Costa Rica was because of the prevalence of strong upwelling in the area. Elemental signatures, especially Ba/Ca, in early ontogenetic statoliths could be used as a proxy for distinguishing different geographical groups and identifying natal origins. However, elemental signatures in embryonic statoliths tended to be a better natural tag than those in paralarval statoliths indicating that paralarvae with the same origin had distinct dispersal pathways. Additionally, stepwise discriminant analysis (SDA) showed there were at least two migration‐based groups: ‘northern’ and ‘southern’ in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Overall, the derived results can improve our knowledge of the population structure, connectivity and life history of D. gigas.

Spatiotemporal variations in life-history traits and statolith trace elements of Sepioteuthis lessoniana populations around northern Taiwan

“…This suggests that the marine environments in the two locations are similar in the same season, or the same squid cohort in the two locations may experience similar marine environments during their life history. However, this study examined the whole statolith of squid which could mask substantial life-history events during migration periods of squid (Liu et al , 2013, 2015).…”

Concurrent habitat fluctuations of two economically important marine species in the Southeast Pacific Ocean off Chile in relation to ENSO perturbations

“…The highest correlation occurred at 2, À4, and À4 months for SST, MLD, and Temp_400m, respectively (Figure 2). 1953, 1958, 1969, 1983, 1987, 1992, 1998, 2015, 2016Normal 1951, 1952, 1954, 1957, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1970, 1972, 1973, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1984, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2013La Niña event 1950, 1955…”

“…This squid is an ecologically important species in pelagic marine ecosystem due to its pivotal role in food-web. Due to its highly commercial value, D. gigas has attracted hundreds of oceangoing multi-national fishing vessels from Japan, Korea, Russia, China, and the local coastal countries such as Peru, Chile, and Ecuador within their exclusive economic zones (EEZ) (Liu et al, 2015;Morales-Boj orquez & Pacheco-Bedoya, 2016;. China has developed the fishing grounds in Equator, Peru, and Chile in the eastern Pacific Ocean to utilize D. gigas, and Chilean offshore waters has become one of the important distant-water fishing grounds for Chinese squid fisheries due to its actively climate-related upwelling (Saha et al, 2017;Yu et al, 2016).…”

El Niño–Southern Oscillation impacts on jumbo squid habitat: Implication for fisheries management

“…Given that D. gigas has different geographical stocks (Argüelles et al, 2001), at present, major fishing grounds are exploited by hundreds of international fishing vessels inside and outside the exclusive economic zones off Peru and Chile, in the open sea at the equator bounded by 5 N-5 S and 90-130 W, off the Costa Rica Dome regions, and in the Gulf of California, Mexico (Liu, Chen & Chen, 2015). Among them, the fishing ground off Peru is the most important, yielding the highest production in the world.…”