Spatial Causalities in Resource Rushes: Notes from the Finnish Mining Boom

Kröger, Markus

doi:10.1111/joac.12113

Cited by 30 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Global demand for minerals continues to increase with economic prosperity and globalization [1]. Northern regions have experienced a mining boom in the 21st century, with extensive exploration activities, restarting old mines, and opening new ones [2][3][4][5]. Mining often brings significant social, economic, and environmental changes to the region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

People and Post-Mining Environments: PPGIS Mapping of Landscape Values, Knowledge Needs, and Future Perspectives in Northern Finland

Kivinen

Vartiainen

Kumpula

2018

Land

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Mining can have a notable environmental and social footprint both during the production phase and after the mine closure. We examined local stakeholders’ viewpoints on two post-mining areas in northern Finland, Hannukainen and Rautuvaara, using a public participation geographic information system (PPGIS) approach. Spatially explicit data on local residents’ and visitors’ values, knowledge needs, and future perspectives on mining landscapes were collected with an online map-based survey tool (Harava). The results show that post-mining sites were generally considered unpleasant places. A majority of respondents were of the opinion that areas would need better reclamation and landscaping measures. The landscape surrounding the post-mining sites contained a wide diversity of pleasant places with high nature and recreational value. Respondents addressed various environmental concerns related to the impacts of former mining activities on the quality of ground water and surface water, potential soil contamination, and the safety of natural products. Opinions on the planned mine reopening were strongly divided among the respondents. One of the key questions was whether a large open-pit mine and nature-based tourism can coexist in the same region. Our results highlight that “the shadow of the mine”—observed environmental impacts, uncertainties related to the spatial extent, duration, and magnitude of impacts, and knowledge gaps—can affect local stakeholders’ land use far outside the mining sites and long after the mine closure. Identifying and mapping stakeholder values, opinions, and knowledge needs could significantly improve post-mining land use planning and mitigate the loss of multifunctional landscapes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

People and Post-Mining Environments: PPGIS Mapping of Landscape Values, Knowledge Needs, and Future Perspectives in Northern Finland

Kivinen

Vartiainen

Kumpula

2018

Land

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“…By early 2013, almost a third of Lapland and over 15 % of the overall land surface of Finland was under claims processes by the mining industry. These included permit areas for reservation (the majority of the claims, first stage claims granting the privilege to submit an ore-prospecting application), exploration, and mining 46 . The metals with the highest economic value in the Finnish ground are estimated to be nickel and chromium 47 , in addition to which there are deposits of gold, phosphorus, iron, uranium, zinc, copper, cobalt, platinum, palladium, lithium, silver, ferrochrome, and so forth.…”

Section: The Finnish Mining Boom Of the 2000smentioning

confidence: 99%

Whether and How Social Work Could Address the Long-term Socio-environmental Risks Caused by the Mining Industry in Northern Finland

Ranta-Tyrkkö¹

2018

Human and Societal Security in the Circumpolar Arctic

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Despite underlining the importance of the commitment of states and international organizations, the discourse on human security is seldom explicit about who the actors or frontline workers are that operationalize the framework. One such group of practitioners that is possibly involved, but largely unacknowledged, is social workers, especially as social work as a discipline, profession and social movement has a value base and overall goals that are very similar to the human security approach. In social work, the categories of economic, food, environmental and community security fall within the discourse of human security, particularly with the currently evolving ecosocial (ecological/environmental/green) approach. The paradigm of social work thus exemplifies an important holistic orientation. Based on the understanding that social and environmental vulnerabilities are interlinked and that the extractive model of development often eats away and alters the land and ecosystems, this article discusses mineral extraction and its consequences from a social work perspective in the context of northern Finland. Of particular interest is the long-term socio-environmental risks associated with metal mining and the actual and possible roles of social work in relation to them. The article rests upon thematically analyzed semistructured interviews and participant observation conducted in one mining region in Northern Finland.

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“…The Deep Drilling Project brings together Icelandic public companies and multinational mining and manufacturing interests -fitting a profile what has recently been referred to as new Nordic extractivism (Kröger, 2016). Such a nexus of resources, state and corporate power suggests a need to interrogate the role of politics and economics in geological developments in the Iceland context.…”

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confidence: 99%

Political Geologies of Magma

Clark

2018

Political Geology

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In the spring of 2009, engineers drilling in Iceland's volcanically active Krafla region unexpectedly struck magma (Elders et al, 2011). As the centrepiece of the Iceland Deep Drilling Project, the aim of the Krafla borehole was to explore the feasibility of generating geothermal power from supercritical hydrothermic fluids: `supercritical' in the geothermal context referring to water close to subterranean heat sources that its temperature has passed over the critical point at which a fluid begins to behave at once like a gas and a liquid (around 400 °C in the case of water) (Elders et al, 2014). Described as `one of the most demanding drilling projects undertaken anywhere in the world at this moment' (Landsvirkjun, 2008), the scheme accidently exceeded some of its own expectations. Intended to reach depths of 4-5 kilometres, close to the estimated

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Spatial Causalities in Resource Rushes: Notes from the Finnish Mining Boom

Cited by 30 publications

References 16 publications

People and Post-Mining Environments: PPGIS Mapping of Landscape Values, Knowledge Needs, and Future Perspectives in Northern Finland

People and Post-Mining Environments: PPGIS Mapping of Landscape Values, Knowledge Needs, and Future Perspectives in Northern Finland

Whether and How Social Work Could Address the Long-term Socio-environmental Risks Caused by the Mining Industry in Northern Finland

Political Geologies of Magma

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