Spatial and diurnal characteristics of summer rainfall over Beijing Municipality based on a high-density AWS dataset

Yang, Ping; Ren, Guoyu; Hou, Wei; Liu, Weidong

doi:10.1002/joc.3622

Cited by 60 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…An enhanced precipitation difference was detected at night, in agreement with results from other urban areas (Ikebuchi et al 2007, Yang et al 2013, Dou et al 2015; for example, Dixon & Mote (2003) found that UHI enhancement increased night-time precipitation frequency in late spring and summer in Atlanta. Similar results reported by Chen et al (2015) and Yang et al (2017) showed that higher UHI intensity might induce stronger convection and cause larger hourly precipitation in urban areas than in the rural areas in the late evening and night-time.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Urban impacts on air temperature and precipitation over The Netherlands

Golroudbary¹,

Zeng²,

Mannaerts³

et al. 2018

Clim. Res.

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The detection of changes in the weather of urban areas is an important issue for understanding the impact of weather on human lives. Five years of basic weather observations (2011−2015) from automatic and amateur networks across The Netherlands were used to investigate the urban effects on meteorological parameters with a focus on temperature (e.g. urban heat island [UHI]) and precipitation. Representative stations were selected based on metadata and a set of criteria for data quality control. An hourly analysis indicates that UHIs are a nocturnal phenomenon in The Netherlands and are more prominent after sunset, when they exceed 2°C. A seasonal analysis shows that UHIs occur in all seasons during the year, with the most significant UHI occurring in the summer. Furthermore, the differences in the precipitation of urban and rural areas were shown to be greatest after sunrise during the day. The maximum hourly UHI and hourly precipitation distributions were analyzed using a generalized extreme value model. The occurrences of maximum precipitation are likely to be more frequent at urban stations than at the nearby rural stations. Additionally, the distinct seasonal cycle of precipitation that is dependent on the UHI demonstrates that the maximum UHI and precipitation occurred in the summer. Our results indicate that the UHI and precipitation enhancements in Dutch urban residential areas, as obtained from the data of weather amateurs, are in agreement with the results presented in the literature, and that 7% more precipitation occurs in cities than in rural areas.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Urban impacts on air temperature and precipitation over The Netherlands

Golroudbary¹,

Zeng²,

Mannaerts³

et al. 2018

Clim. Res.

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“…Of significance is that Yang et al (, ), Liu et al (), and Zheng et al () all showed the presence of large summer rainfall centres in the northeast mountainous areas and near the urban area, respectively. Yang et al () also mentioned that heavy rainfall events contributed much to total rainfall amount, especially at the nighttime. After analysing the frequency of heavy rainfall, Cao et al () found that the urban area and the northeastern region of Beijing experienced frequently short‐duration heavy rainfall events with the accumulated precipitation of over 50 mm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Other large rainfall centres in the range of 4000–4200 mm could be seen over the BMR's central urban districts, southern Daxing, and the central western Fangshan (Figure (a)). The total rainfall amount was mostly less than 3000 mm in the west and northwest mountains with the terrain elevations of over 500 m. The distribution of warm‐seasonal rainfall amount (Figure (a)) is similar to that of summer rainfall presented in Yang et al (), Liu et al (), and Zheng et al ().…”

Section: Spatial Distributions Of Hhr Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, with hourly rainfall data from the BMR's 123 AWSs, Liu et al () analysed the monthly rainfall variations from April to October, and found that the peak monthly rainfall and the highest hourly rainfall intensity occurred in July. Of significance is that Yang et al (, ), Liu et al (), and Zheng et al () all showed the presence of large summer rainfall centres in the northeast mountainous areas and near the urban area, respectively. Yang et al () also mentioned that heavy rainfall events contributed much to total rainfall amount, especially at the nighttime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A statistical analysis of hourly heavy rainfall events over the Beijing metropolitan region during the warm seasons of 2007–2014

Cui

Zhang

2017

Intl Journal of Climatology

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A statistical analysis of the spatiotemporal characteristics of hourly heavy rainfall (HHR) events and rainstorm days, defined as greater than 20 mm h−1 and 50 mm day−1, respectively, is performed using observations at 5‐min intervals from 155 automated weather stations (AWSs) over the Beijing metropolitan region (BMR) during the warm seasons of 2007–2014. Results show pronounced variability in the frequencies and rainfall amounts of both HHR events and rainstorm days across the BMR of less than 150 km width from the west to east. That is, higher‐ (lower) frequency HHR events with more (less) accumulated rainfall amounts take place in eastern Haidian and over the BMR's northeast mountains (west and northwest mountains). Many extreme rainfall and even record‐breaking events, in terms of the frequency, duration, rainfall amount and intensity, are found to occur in the regions of high‐frequency HHR events and rainstorm days. The frequency of rainstorm days with HHR events accounts for more than 50% of that of total rainstorm days over the BMR's plains and near the northeast mountains. Results also show that HHR events occur most frequently in late July, and typically peak during 1600–2000 LST. A comparison of the averaged surface meteorological variables and upper‐air sounding at 0800 LST between HHR and non‐HHR days reveals that the occurrences of the HHR events coincide with the distribution of surface warmer and more humid air as well as organized convergence in the presence of an unstable environment with surface south‐ to southeasterly winds, low‐level south to southwesterly flows and a deep layer of higher moisture content. These results suggest likely the positive influences of urban environment and mountain‐plain circulations on the generation of the HHR events, given favourable larger‐scale conditions.

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“…In 2012, coal consumption grew by 2.5%. Additionally, coal-fired power plants currently fuel 41% of global electricity (Yang et al, 2013). Such phenomena have resulted in a cost being levied against the environment, which can no longer be treated as a free good, particularly to those countries that ratified the Kyoto Protocol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%