Spatial Accessibility in Urban Regeneration Areas: A Population-Weighted Method Assessing the Social Amenity Provision

Abstract

Principles of social sustainability serve to guide urban regeneration programmes around the world. Increasingly, the upholding of these principles is subject to qualified evaluation and monitoring. One of the cornerstones of social sustainability is access to basic services. This is also a strategic and operational objective in urban regeneration measures. While indicator-based evaluations of accessibility do exist, hitherto they have tended to apply descriptive statistics or density parameters only. Therefore, there is a need for small-scale, regularly updated information on accessibility, such as the nearest facility based on street networks and population density. This deficit can often be attributed to the complex methodological requirements. To meet this need, our article presents a method for determining the spatial accessibility of basic services with low data requirements. Accessibility is measured in walking time and linked to the local population distribution. More specifically, GIS tools in connection with land survey data are used to estimate the number of inhabitants per building; the walking time needed to reach four types of social amenity along the street network is then determined for each building; finally, a population-weighted accessibility index is derived and mapped in a 50-m grid. To test this method, we investigated four urban regeneration areas in Dresden, Germany. The results show that with freely available geodata, it is possible to identify neighbourhoods and buildings with both high population densities and poor accessibility to basic services. Corresponding maps can be used to monitor urban regeneration measures or form a basis for further action.

Sustainability Assessment through Urban Accessibility Indicators and GIS in a Middle-Sized World Heritage City: The Case of Cáceres, Spain

“…Urban Accessibility [31][32][33][34] Bike parking [35][36][37][38] Green areas Accessibility [39][40][41][42][43][44][45] Accessibility to waste separate collection rubbish bins [46][47][48][49] Household waste recycling centre accessibility [20,[50][51][52][53] Public services accessibility [54][55][56][57][58] In addition to the reviewed references, we can also find literature that focuses on using GIS for sustainability assessments in several contexts, as in the following articles related to resilience in historic urban areas [59], spatial accessibility [60], walkability indicators [61] and sustainable urban growth [62].…”

Municipal and Urban Renewal Development Index System: A Data-Driven Digital Analysis Framework

“…Smart Cities Mission was launched in 2015 for 100 cities in India, a project in which ICT and digital technologies are particularly emphasized [30]. In Dresden, Germany, a population-weighted accessibility digital index for a 50 m grid has been used for four urban area regeneration studies [31]. Furthermore, digital placemaking for tourist attractions has been explored in several cities such as Riga, Kaunas, and Taipei [32].…”