Spasm of the Near Reflex: Clinical Appearance

Yakupoğlu, Ezgi; Doğan, Yusuf Emre; Yükselen, Nihan Parasız; Doğan, Peli̇n; Gözke, Eren

doi:10.4274/tnd.2018.62582

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Spasm of the near reflex is the condition represented by a clinical spectrum. 26 Young adults experience both nonorganic and neurological disorders. Common symptoms include intermittent double vision, significant myopic shift during periods of convergence, and miosis.…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accommodative spasm and its different treatment approaches: A systematic review

Manna

Karmakar

Bhardwaj

et al. 2022

European Journal of Ophthalmology

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This article is about the accommodation spasm. The primary rule for near vision is ciliary muscle constriction, synchronised convergence of both eyes, and pupil constriction. Any weaknesses in these components could result in an accommodative spasm. Variable retinoscopic reflex, unstable refractive error, and lead of accommodation in near retinoscopy are common causes of spasm. We conducted a thorough literature search in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases for published journals prior to June 2022, with no data limitations. This review contains twenty-eight case reports, six cohort studies, four book references, four review articles, and two comparative studies after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The majority of studies looked at accommodative spasm, near reflex spasm, and pseudomyopia. The most common causes of accommodative spasm are excessive close work, emotional distress, head injury, and strabismus. Despite side effects or an insufficient regimen, cycloplegic drops are effective in diagnosing accommodation spasm. The modified optical fogging technique is also effective and may be an option for treating accommodative spasm symptoms. Bifocals for near work, manifest refraction, base-in prisms, and vision therapy are some of the other management options. As a result, it requires a comprehensive clinical treatment strategy. This review aims to investigate the various aetiology and treatments responsible for accommodative spasm and proposes widely implementing the modified optical fogging method and vision therapy in clinics as comprehensive management to reduce the future upward trend of accommodative spasm.

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Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it was a functional spasm of the near reflex. 26 Additionally, emotional or physiological stress causes accommodative spasm. 13 Prerana and Revathy, for instance, describe a 14-year-old girl with persistent accommodative spasm who complained of vision inconsistency while taking psychiatric medication.…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%