Spark plasma sintering of graphene reinforced hydroxyapatite composites

Klébert, Szilvia; Balázsi, Csaba; Balázsi, Katalin; Bódis, Eszter; Fazekas, Péter; Keszler, Ágnes; Szépvölgyi, János; Károly, Zoltán

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2014.11.033

Cited by 44 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…Figure 5a shows the mechanical properties of the HA-based samples with different filler loadings. In a previous study, Klébert et al found that although the incorporation of 2 wt% graphene nanoplatelet in HA led to increased 3 point bending strength, the graphene nanosheets were found to agglomerate on the HA grain boundaries and increase the number of residual pores (Klébert et al, 2015). However, the K IC of the composites consistently increases with increased S-rGO content.…”

Section: Mechanical and Structural Properties Of The Sintered Compomentioning

confidence: 94%

“…This drastically different enhancement effect seen for 1rGO/HA was possibly caused partly by its microstructural characteristics. In a previous study, Klébert et al found that although the incorporation of 2 wt% graphene nanoplatelet in HA led to increased 3 point bending strength, the graphene nanosheets were found to agglomerate on the HA grain boundaries and increase the number of residual pores (Klébert et al, 2015).…”

Section: Mechanical and Structural Properties Of The Sintered Compomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incorporating silica‐coated graphene in bioceramic nanocomposites to simultaneously enhance mechanical and biological performance

Zhu

et al. 2020

J Biomedical Materials Res

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The applications of a variety of bioactive ceramics such as hydroxyapatite (HA) in orthopedics are limited by their insufficient mechanical properties, especially poor fracture toughness. Thus, further extending the clinical applications of these materials warrants the enhancement of their mechanical properties. Although the reinforcement of ceramics by 2D nanomaterials has been well recognized, integrated structural, mechanical, and functional considerations have been neglected in the design and synthesis of such composite materials. Herein, we report the first use of silica-coated reduced graphene oxide (S-rGO) hybrid nanosheets to create bioceramic-based composites with simultaneously enhanced mechanical and biological properties. In the representative HA-based bioceramic systems prepared by spark plasma sintering, S-rGO incorporation was found to be more effective for increasing the Young's modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness than the incorporation of uncoated reduced GO (rGO). Furthermore, when assessed with osteoblast-like MG-63 cells, such novel materials led to faster cell proliferation and higher cell viability and alkaline phosphatase activity than are generally observed with pure HA; additionally, cells demonstrate stronger affinity to S-rGO/HA than to rGO/HA composites.The S-rGO/bioceramic composites are therefore promising for applications in orthopedic tissue engineering, and this research provides valuable insights into the fabrication of silica-coated hybrid nanosheet-reinforced ceramics. K E Y W O R D Scytocompatibility, fracture toughness, hybrid 2D nanomaterial, hydroxyapatite, spark plasma sintering

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Section: Mechanical and Structural Properties Of The Sintered Compomentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Mechanical and Structural Properties Of The Sintered Compomentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporating silica‐coated graphene in bioceramic nanocomposites to simultaneously enhance mechanical and biological performance

Zhu

et al. 2020

J Biomedical Materials Res

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“…The porosity of the plasma-sprayed coatings was calculated with the empirical equation (1) [12]. The theoretical densities of HA and GNPs were considered to be 3.16 g cm −3 and 2.25 g cm −3 , respectively [13]. According to the rule of mixture, the calculated theoretical densities of HA-1G and HA-2G were 3.14 g cm −3 and 3.13 g cm −3 , respectively.…”

Section: Microstructure and Phase Identification Of Plasma-sprayed Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of crystallinity, mechanical properties, fracture toughness and cell proliferation in plasma sprayed graphene nano platelets reinforced hydroxyapatite coating

Singh

Pandey

Rahman

et al. 2020

Mater. Res. Express

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Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) (0, 1 wt% and 2 wt%) reinforced hydroxyapatite (HA), denoted by HA, HA-1G and HA-2G respectively, coatings were fabricated on titanium substrate (Ti-6Al-4V) through atmospheric plasma spraying. The major parameters such as porosity, crystallinity, mechanical properties, toughness and cell proliferation were manipulated by varying plasma power from 15 kW to 35 kW and content of GNPs. For the coating synthesized at all plasma power, GNPs were found to be retained by Raman spectroscopy. GNPs reinforcement has led to an improvement in the crystallinity of the composite coatings as compared to HA coatings. On the contrary to it, increase in plasma power from 15 kW to 35 kW resulted in decrease in crystallinity for all three individual coating. Further, Increment in plasma power from 15 kW to 35 kW delivered a significant enhancement in hardness, elastic modulus and fracture toughness up to 81%, 149% and 282% respectively for HA-1 wt% GNPs coating, while it improved to 20%, 50% and 173% respectively on the addition of 2 wt% GNPs in HA coating fabricated at 35 kW. Enhancement in hardness, elastic modulus and fracture toughness was due to three simultaneous reasons: (1) Reduction in porosity (2) Uniform dispersion of GNPs and (3) Toughening mechanism offered by GNPs. Further, the addition of GNPs showed a remarkable improvement in the rate of cell proliferation in the HA coating. A detailed discussion over the reasons behind every results have been made profoundly.

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“…As HA is an integral component of bone, many have explicitly focused on using GO with HA to create composites with enhanced mechanical and osteogenic properties. For instance, spark plasma sintering of HA and GO resulted in composites possessing a 3‐point bending strength of approximately 119 MPa . Reduced GO–HA nanocomposites that were prepared by liquid precipitation followed by spark plasma sintering had a fracture toughness of 3.94 MPa m 1/2 and increased the proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity of human FOB 1.19 osteoblasts .…”

Section: Go As a Scaffold For Bone Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene oxide as a scaffold for bone regeneration

Holt

Wright

Arnold

et al. 2016

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

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Graphene oxide (GO), the oxidized form of graphene, holds great potential as a component of biomedical devices, deriving utility from its ability to support a broad range of chemical functionalities and its exceptional mechanical, electronic, and thermal properties. GO composites can be tuned chemically to be biomimetic, and mechanically to be stiff yet strong. These unique properties make GO-based materials promising candidates as a scaffold for bone regeneration. However, questions still exist as to the compatibility and long-term toxicity of nanocarbon materials. Unlike other nanocarbons, GO is meta-stable, water dispersible, and autodegrades in water on the timescale of months to humic acid-like materials, the degradation products of all organic matter. Thus, GO offers better prospects for biological compatibility over other nanocarbons. Recently, many publications have demonstrated enhanced osteogenic performance of GO-containing composites. Ongoing work toward surface modification or coating strategies could be useful to minimize the inflammatory response and improve compatibility of GO as a component of medical devices. Furthermore, biomimetic modifications could offer mechanical and chemical environments that encourage osteogenesis. So long as care is given to assure their safety, GO-based materials may be poised to become the next generation scaffold for bone regeneration. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2017, 9:e1437. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1437 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.

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Spark plasma sintering of graphene reinforced hydroxyapatite composites

Abstract: Hydroxyapatite / graphene (HAP/GNPs) composites were prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS).Sintering was carried out at various temperatures (700°C and 900°C) and holding times (5 and 10 min). Mechanical and structural properties were studied. The highest relative density ~ 96% was

Cited by 44 publications

References 37 publications

Incorporating silica‐coated graphene in bioceramic nanocomposites to simultaneously enhance mechanical and biological performance

Incorporating silica‐coated graphene in bioceramic nanocomposites to simultaneously enhance mechanical and biological performance

Investigation of crystallinity, mechanical properties, fracture toughness and cell proliferation in plasma sprayed graphene nano platelets reinforced hydroxyapatite coating

Graphene oxide as a scaffold for bone regeneration

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