Spark breakdown of liquid hydrocarbons. I. Fast current and voltage measurements of the spark breakdown in liquid <i>n</i>-hexane

Fuhr, J.; Schmidt, Werner F.; Sato, Shuji

doi:10.1063/1.336751

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Both signals are recorded simultaneously with a 1 GHz oscilloscope (Lecroy HDO9104). The electrical connections as well as the probes are armored by flexible tubes and shielding boxes in order to minimize the parasitic noise [2]. Regarding the optical diagnostics, a 300 W xenon light source is focused by a condensing 7-lenses system onto a slit and then brought to a parallel beam by a 100 mm focal lens to pass through the test cell.…”

Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Attention in the electrical breakdown in liquids starts from dielectric liquid applications such as high-voltage transformers or switches [1][2][3]. The study of electric discharges in water, which has higher permittivity and conductivity than di electric liquids, is more recent and arises in the frame of applications such as nanomaterial synthesis [4][5][6][7] and environ mental applications [8][9][10][11][12] owing to high generation of active species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Time-resolved diagnostics of a pin-to-pin pulsed discharge in water: pre-breakdown and breakdown analysis

Rond¹,

Desse²,

Fagnon³

et al. 2018

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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This paper presents an experimental study of an underwater pulsed plasma discharge in pin-to-pin electrode configuration. Time resolved refractive index-based techniques and electrical measurements have been performed in order to study the pre-breakdown and breakdown phenomena in water. A single high voltage pulse with amplitude of a dozen of kV and duration of [0.1-1] ms is applied between two 100 µm diameter platinum tips separated by 2 mm. This novel experimental work reports that different cases of electrical discharge in water occurs for a unique set of experimental conditions such as (i) bush-like channels from the cathode that do not span the electrode gap, (ii) bush-like channels from the cathode leading to breakdown and (iii) filamentary structures from the anode leading to a stronger breakdown. Two breakdown mechanisms, anode and cathode regimes, have been clearly identified and related to the two principal schools of thoughts to explain discharge propagation in liquid.

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Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-resolved diagnostics of a pin-to-pin pulsed discharge in water: pre-breakdown and breakdown analysis

Rond¹,

Desse²,

Fagnon³

et al. 2018

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…Interferometric methods have been used to study shock wave formation . Analysis of the nanosecond time-scale transient development of electrical resistance in sparks forming in organic liquids promises to provide an increased understanding of the propagation of dielectric discharge in liquids. , …”

Section: Physics Of Electrohydraulic Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

Electrohydraulic Discharge and Nonthermal Plasma for Water Treatment

Locke

Sato

Šunka

et al. 2005

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

1,060

616

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The application of strong electric fields in water and organic liquids has been studied for several years, because of its importance in electrical transmission processes and its practical applications in biology, chemistry, and electrochemistry. More recently, liquid-phase electrical discharge reactors have been investigated, and are being developed, for many environmental applications, including drinking water and wastewater treatment, as well as, potentially, for environmentally benign chemical processes. This paper reviews the current status of research on the application of high-voltage electrical discharges for promoting chemical reactions in the aqueous phase, with particular emphasis on applications to water cleaning.

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“…11 These voltages are very high, usually several hundred volts, whereas the electric breakdown voltages of liquid hydrocarbons are several tens of kilovolts. 12,13 Thus, in contrast to traditional arc discharge units requiring a high-power electric system and expensive vacuum equipment, a plasma discharge produced under conditions of low electric power with ultrasonic irradiation has a cost advantage and the potential to be applied for continuous liquid-phase processing of functional nanocarbon materials, even in organic liquids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Fe-filled carbon nanocapsules by an electric plasma discharge in an ultrasonic cavitation field of liquid ethanol

et al. 2006

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Nanoparticles of iron carbides (Fe 3 C and -Fe 2.5 C) wrapped in multilayered graphitic sheets were synthesized by a developed method in which an electric plasma was generated in an ultrasonic cavitation field containing thousands of tiny activated bubbles in liquid ethanol. Annealing changed the phase composition, structure, and size of the carbon nanocapsules as most of the iron carbides decomposed into the ␣-Fe phase and graphite. Powder samples annealed at 873 and 973 K have maximal saturation magnetization values equal to 80.6 and 83.4 A m 2 /kg, respectively, which is approximately 40% of the value of bulk iron. Using this method, it will be possible to synthesize nanoparticles of a metal of choice encapsulated by graphite shells by selecting appropriate materials for the ultrasonic tip and electrodes.

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Spark breakdown of liquid hydrocarbons. I. Fast current and voltage measurements of the spark breakdown in liquid n-hexane

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

Time-resolved diagnostics of a pin-to-pin pulsed discharge in water: pre-breakdown and breakdown analysis

Time-resolved diagnostics of a pin-to-pin pulsed discharge in water: pre-breakdown and breakdown analysis

Electrohydraulic Discharge and Nonthermal Plasma for Water Treatment

Synthesis of Fe-filled carbon nanocapsules by an electric plasma discharge in an ultrasonic cavitation field of liquid ethanol

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