Spalax™ new generation: A sensitive and selective noble gas system for nuclear explosion monitoring

Petit, G. Le; Cagniant, A.; Gross, P.; Douysset, Guilhem; Topin, Sylvain; Fontaine, J.-P.; Taffary, T.; Moulin, Christophe

doi:10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.05.019

Cited by 50 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The new detector technology and its performance have been described recently (Le Petit et al, 2015). Regarding the SPALAX process, the main consequence is the reduction of the gas cell volume from approximately 25.2 cm 3 to approximately 13.5 cm 3 .…”

Section: Overall Spalax-ng Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The MDC calculation is described by Le Petit et al (2015). For the configurations with the same electron/photon coincidence detection mode, configurations 2 and 3, the 133 Xe MDC is consistently inversely proportional to the V Xe volume: 0.12 mBq m À3 for configuration 2 and 0.09 mBq m À3 for configuration 3.…”

Section: Overall Spalax-ng Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The detection stage upgrade has already been described (Le Petit et al, 2015). The process evolution also concerns both the sampling stage and the purification/ concentration stage with the objective of significantly increasing xenon production while keeping the energy consumption almost constant and reducing the overall size of the system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

SPALAX new generation: New process design for a more efficient xenon production system for the CTBT noble gas network

Topin

Gréau

Deliere

et al. 2015

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

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Section: Overall Spalax-ng Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overall Spalax-ng Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SPALAX new generation: New process design for a more efficient xenon production system for the CTBT noble gas network

Topin

Gréau

Deliere

et al. 2015

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

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“…Among the noble gases, xenon is of the utmost economic importance, with numerous applications such as energy-efficient lightning [1], medicine [2], and chemical analysis [3]. Xenon radioisotopes are also used to monitor worldwide nuclear activities [4][5][6][7]. Nonetheless, the production cost of xenon ($25/L according to Airgas ® pricing in March 2013 for 99.995% research grade Xe) [8] and its very low The "fresh" Ag@ZSM-5 provides the reference value for xenon adsorption for the present study: 2.5 × 10 −4 mol·g −1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Chlorine-Containing VOCs on Silver Migration and Sintering in ZSM-5 Used in a TSA Process

et al. 2019

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Silver nanoparticles are currently one of the most studied nanostructured nanomaterials. Because nanoparticle size and dispersion act together in determining a material’s physical and chemical properties, there is a continuous quest to develop size-controlled synthesis methods. Nonetheless, the instability of the nanometer-sized particles, which is caused by their tendency to aggregate irreversibly into larger particles, remains a recurrent problem. The use of confining scaffolds, such as the regular system of cages in a crystalline zeolite-type material, is often reported in the literature as an efficient solution to overcome particle migration at the surface. Silver nanoparticles encapsulated in ZSM-5 (Ag@ZSM-5) represent a new generation of adsorbent for Xe enrichment from the atmosphere that is currently being developed at the pilot scale in a Temperature Swing Adsorption (TSA) process. In this study, we have found that the presence of Cl-containing compounds in the air (VOCs) leads to a poisoning of the active silver phase by the formation of silver chloride. By a careful study of process parameters, we have found that most of the chlorine can be removed by heat treatment above 573 K so that the adsorption properties of silver are regenerated. That said, when applying 573 K temperature regeneration at the pilot scale, we observe a very minor but observable decay of xenon adsorption capacity that continues cycle after cycle. The mechanism of capacity decay is discussed in terms of (i) the residual presence of Cl at the surface of silver nanoparticles, (ii) the aggregation of silver nanoparticles into larger particles (sintering mechanism), and (iii) the acceleration of silver particle migration to the surface and sintering.

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“…This general equation is described in more detail in a number of publications [9][10][11][12]. This paper focuses on systems that use β-γ coincidence to calculate radioxenon concentrations, in particular, the Swedish Automatic Unit for Noble gas Acquisition (SAUNA II) [13], developed by the Swedish Defense Research Agency (FOI) [14], the Xenon International [4,15], developed by the US Department of Energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory [16], new generation SPALAX system (Si + HPGe) [17,18], and ARIX-4 system [19]. This paper focuses on analysis approaches that discriminate between radioxenon isotopes via β-γ spectral analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radioxenon net count calculations revisited

Cooper

Auer²,

Bowyer

et al. 2019

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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Since 1998, there have been improvements in the capability to detect atmospheric radioxenon in the International Monitoring System operated by the Preparatory Commission of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization. The upgrades have resulted in next-generation versions of the radioxenon systems. This paper explores radioxenon data analysis improvements beyond the original radioxenon beta-gamma analysis equations that were formulated in 2000. Additionally, it provides recommendations to further improve analysis and refine the equations. The areas of improvement are described in terms of equations, physical detectors, and field-testing. These recommendations are provided with the intention of improving accuracy and precision of radioxenon measurements.

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Spalax™ new generation: A sensitive and selective noble gas system for nuclear explosion monitoring

Cited by 50 publications

References 28 publications

SPALAX new generation: New process design for a more efficient xenon production system for the CTBT noble gas network

SPALAX new generation: New process design for a more efficient xenon production system for the CTBT noble gas network

Effect of Chlorine-Containing VOCs on Silver Migration and Sintering in ZSM-5 Used in a TSA Process

Radioxenon net count calculations revisited

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