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HUTCHINSON, I. 1982. Vegetation-environment relations in a brackish marsh, Lulu Island, Richmond, B.C. Can. J. Bot. 60: 452-462.A study of plant-environment relations was conducted on the foreshore marshes of Lulu Island in the Fraser River delta. Analysis of tidal records indicated that the marsh platform could be subdivided into three elevational zones: a low marsh dominated by Scirpus americanus and S. maritimus; a middle marsh dominated by Carex lyngbyei, Triglochin maritimum, and S. maritimus; and a high marsh community of Agrostis exarata, Potentillapacijica, Distichlis spicata, and Typha latifolia. This is interpreted as a successional sequence. The low marsh experiences a maximum continuous submergence of 21-16 h, the middle marsh a maximum of 8 h, and the high marsh a maximum continuous exposure of >200 h. ANOVA results demonstrate the overwhelming importance of elevation (Typha, Potentilla, Distichlis) and elevation-salinity interactions (Scirpus spp., Carex, Agrostis) as controls on plant distribution. In addition substrate texture and moisture content are significantly associated with variations in species abundance. The Lulu Island marshes are floristically and ecologically similar to estuarine and deltaic marshes of Washington and Oregon. Variations in vegetation and successional pattern within this group are likely a function of fluvial regimes, which influence salinity and sediment characteristics.Une Ctude des relations plantes-environnement a Ct C poursuivie dans les marais intertidaux de l'ile Lulu dans le delta de la rivikre Fraser. L'analyse des donnCes de marCes montre que la terrasse oh se trouvent les marais peut Ctre subdivisCe en trois zones altitudinales: un marais infkrieur domink par Scirpus americanus et S. maritimus, un marais moyen dominC par Carex lyngbyei, Triglochin maritimum et S. maritimus, et un marais supCrieur avec une communautC h Agrostis exarata, Potentilla pacijica, Distichlis spicata et Typha latifolia. Ces differences sont interprCtCes comme une skquence successionnelle.
HUTCHINSON, I. 1982. Vegetation-environment relations in a brackish marsh, Lulu Island, Richmond, B.C. Can. J. Bot. 60: 452-462.A study of plant-environment relations was conducted on the foreshore marshes of Lulu Island in the Fraser River delta. Analysis of tidal records indicated that the marsh platform could be subdivided into three elevational zones: a low marsh dominated by Scirpus americanus and S. maritimus; a middle marsh dominated by Carex lyngbyei, Triglochin maritimum, and S. maritimus; and a high marsh community of Agrostis exarata, Potentillapacijica, Distichlis spicata, and Typha latifolia. This is interpreted as a successional sequence. The low marsh experiences a maximum continuous submergence of 21-16 h, the middle marsh a maximum of 8 h, and the high marsh a maximum continuous exposure of >200 h. ANOVA results demonstrate the overwhelming importance of elevation (Typha, Potentilla, Distichlis) and elevation-salinity interactions (Scirpus spp., Carex, Agrostis) as controls on plant distribution. In addition substrate texture and moisture content are significantly associated with variations in species abundance. The Lulu Island marshes are floristically and ecologically similar to estuarine and deltaic marshes of Washington and Oregon. Variations in vegetation and successional pattern within this group are likely a function of fluvial regimes, which influence salinity and sediment characteristics.Une Ctude des relations plantes-environnement a Ct C poursuivie dans les marais intertidaux de l'ile Lulu dans le delta de la rivikre Fraser. L'analyse des donnCes de marCes montre que la terrasse oh se trouvent les marais peut Ctre subdivisCe en trois zones altitudinales: un marais infkrieur domink par Scirpus americanus et S. maritimus, un marais moyen dominC par Carex lyngbyei, Triglochin maritimum et S. maritimus, et un marais supCrieur avec une communautC h Agrostis exarata, Potentilla pacijica, Distichlis spicata et Typha latifolia. Ces differences sont interprCtCes comme une skquence successionnelle.
To facilitate the movement and processing of timber in some regions of the Pacific Northwest, logs are tied together to form large rectangular rafts (often called “booms”) which are transported and stored in aquatic environments. In the lower Fraser River, British Columbia, some reaches have >50% of shoreline with adjacent log booms, yet our understanding of the effects of log booms on habitats and biota is very limited. We compared sites that have never had log booms to nearby ones with active boom storage occurring to examine differences in environmental characteristics. In contrast to reference sites, nearly all active sites had compacted sediments and little vegetation coverage, likely caused by logs “grounding” onto benthic environments due to tidally influenced water level changes. Total benthic invertebrate abundance was higher at reference sites which had relatively more Amphipoda and Trichoperta, but fewer Haplotaxida, compared to active sites whose compacted and more detrital-laden sediments should favour haplotaxids. Water quality variables generally did not differ between reference and active sites. Grounding of log booms and contact with the below substrate is in contradiction of best management practices and has clear effects on the physical habitat and biota of the area underneath booming sites.
Large numbers of juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), chum salmon (O. keta), and pink salmon (O. gorbuscha) were present within tidal channels of a marsh area in the Fraser Estuary between March and June 1978. The tidal channels investigated dewatered at low tide, necessitating daily emigrations by juvenile salmon out of the channels. While pink fry emigrated from tidal channels at the early and middle stages of ebbing tides, most chum and chinook fry emigrated near the later stages of ebbing tides. Mark–recapture studies demonstrated that chinook and chum fry resided temporarily in the marsh prior to migrating into the Pacific Ocean and returned to the same channel on several tidal cycles. Pink fry were abundant in the channels, but appeared to be transient. Chinook and chum showed an increase in average length which was attributable to estuarine growth.Key words: chinook salmon, chum salmon, pink salmon, juvenile residency, marsh tidal channel, Fraser Estuary, estuary growth
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