Sowing time and substrate in the production of ipê-mirim seedlings

Abstract

Tecoma stans is popularly known as ipê-mirim in Brazil. This species belongs to the Bignoniaceae family and it is native to Americas and Antilles, where it is widely used in landscaping as urban tree. The seedlings are produced from seeds and there are several factors that influences its development, such as the sowing time and the substrate. This work aimed to understand the effect of the sowing time and substrates on the production of Tecoma stans seedlings. The experiments were carried out in a nursery. The experimental design was completely randomized. The substrates were arranged in a 2 × 6 factorial scheme, two sowing times (autumn and spring) and six commercial substrates (SC1; SC2; SC3; SC4; sand and vermiculite) under four replicates and ten seedlings per plot. The means were compared to each other using the Tukey test (p < 0.05). There was a significant difference between the seasons of the year, showing that the percentage of emergence was higher in spring (89%). The seedlings of Tecoma stans were shown to be nutrient-dependent both in the emergence of the seedling and in the subsequent development of the seedlings, since the highest averages of the studied characteristics were obtained in the commercial substrates, as they have nutrients in their composition, with greater emphasis on SC1.

CULTIVATION OF SEEDLINGS OF Solanum melongena L. FOR THEIR USE AS A BIOASSAY

“…Furthermore, vermiculite is recognized for positively contributing to the improvement of soil physical and chemical properties. The full application of vermiculite or its incorporation as a in substrates results in a significant increase in their water retention capacity, promoting seedling development (19) .…”

“…Changes in substrate composition, including the addition of vermiculite to the mix, can significantly influence the initial growth of plants, consequently altering the levels of pigments involved in photosynthesis. These changes affect the efficiency of light energy capture, impact the amount of assimilated substances produced by plants, and consequently increase the development of the shoot (19) , as observed in S. melongena when cultivated in vermiculite.…”

“…The use of dense materials such as sand, either independently or in substrate compositions as in this case, has disadvantages due to its significant weight. This characteristic can complicate the management of plants in their containers, as well as interfere with the penetration and development of the plant's root system, negatively affecting water absorption and carbon allocation, consequently reducing both fresh and dry masses (19) .…”

Initial growth and quality of jussara palm seedlings cultivated in biosolid-based substrates

“…Such seedling quality is directly related to the substrate type and composition (Carvalho et al, 2021;Souza et al, 2022). Although there are many available commercial substrates of high quality, it is possible to observe that seedling production in Brazil, especially at nurseries, is made using substrates coming from different raw materials which are usually prepared on site (Ferraz et al, 2022).…”