Sovereignty and the Sea: How Indonesia Became an Archipelagic State

Butcher, John G.; Elson, R. E.; Bernard, L. L.

doi:10.1355/cs39-3o

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Of greater relevance here is the apparent determination of Indonesia to chart its own course rather than align itself with the international community. This independence is consistent with Indonesia's role in international maritime politics, in particular its stance towards regulation of its maritime borders (Butcher and Elson 2017). Indonesia's reluctance to adhere to international standards relating to shipwreck management is, therefore, in line with its larger maritime political history and should be understood within this context.…”

Section: Developments At the International Levelsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Some 17,000 islands are scattered across its territorial waters, which extend up to 3.2 million square kilometres (Farid 2014). The length of Indonesia's coastline exceeds 95,000 kilometres, making it one of the longest in the world (Butcher and Elson 2017). Within this 'ocean sewn with islands' lie the remains of ancient and modern shipwrecks, their presence attesting to long and enduring histories of seafaring, navigation, migration, conflict, livelihoods, tourism, and other human encounters with the sea (Lapian 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resisting Internationalism?

Pearson

2022

Bijdr. taal-, land- volkenkd.

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This article reviews historical legislation relating to the management of shipwrecks in Indonesia, examining issues relating to terminology, division of authority, and implementation. It focuses on the evolution of Indonesia’s commercial salvage legislation, from its introduction in 1989 to its abrupt cessation in 2010, when a moratorium was introduced. While the moratorium was interpreted as a sign that Indonesia was moving closer to internationally accepted principles regarding the management of underwater cultural heritage, the introduction of a new law unrelated to maritime heritage has instead disturbed this anticipated trajectory. Designed to stimulate job opportunities, Law No. 11/2020 on Job Creation has, perversely, raised the prospect that the moratorium will be repealed. As this article demonstrates, the changing conceptualization of the value of shipwrecks and their cargoes remains a live issue in Indonesia, reflecting unresolved tensions about its identity as a maritime nation.

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Section: Developments At the International Levelsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resisting Internationalism?

Pearson

2022

Bijdr. taal-, land- volkenkd.

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“…DSM activity in oceans under national jurisdiction is subject to a state's own legal regime, while DSM activity in international waters is subject to the international legal regime. Whilst legal regimes for seas within a nation's jurisdiction vary from state to state, the design of the international legal system consists of two important instruments: the Common Heritage for Mankind (CHM) principle and the ISA (Butcher and Elson, 2017).…”

Section: Dsm and Its International Regimementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indonesia took a leadership role in UNCLOS negotiations (Butcher and Elson, 2017). Its active participation in the negotiations benefitted Indonesia in many ways, including the expansion of its sea territory by 600 per cent as well as international recognition of archipelagic states and waters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poliheuristic Theory and Indonesia’s Absence in Deep-Sea Mining (DSM)

Karim

Yudha

2021

Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs

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Indonesia is among the many states that have become interested in conducting deep-sea mining (DSM) since it first became viable in the 1970s. However, it was during the administration of President Joko Widodo (2014–2019) that DSM became an important viable endeavour, with the increasing depletion of Indonesia’s mineral and metal reserves. Nevertheless, Indonesia is yet to undertake DSM activity. This article aims to explain the absence of DSM in Indonesia by analysing the political dimensions of the decision-making process during President Widodo’s administration. This research utilises the poliheuristic theory (PHT) of decision-making. It shows that Indonesia’s DSM absence is the result of conscious decisions made by President Widodo to avoid loss in public support and drop in popularity. This article contributes to expanding the study of non-event or non-decision, which has been largely ignored in decision-making literature in Indonesia.

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“…On 13 December 1957, under founding President Sukarno, the cabinet of Prime Minister Djuanda Kartawidjaja declared that, under its wawasan nusantara or archipelagic principle, the Indonesian government had “absolute sovereignty” over all the waters lying within straight baselines drawn between the outermost islands of the nation. Eventually, in 1982, Indonesia gained international recognition for its claim when the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea formally recognised the existence of a new category of states known as archipelagic states and declared that these states had sovereignty over their “archipelagic waters” (Butcher and Elson, 2017).…”

Section: The Broad Lines Of Indonesian Foreign Policy: From Sukarno To Suharto To Post-reformasimentioning

confidence: 99%

Chinese Economic Statecraft in Indonesia/East Timor: A Historical and Regional Perspective

Gunn

2021

Journal of Current Chinese Affairs

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From inside China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), two southern tier nations offer contrary perspectives as to the efficacy of Beijing’s economic statecraft, namely Indonesia and East Timor. While obviously asymmetric in practically every respect, nevertheless a careful study of these two nations’ bilateral links with China over long and short times offers salutary lessons on infrastructure financing in particular. Several interconnected inquiries are interposed. In a nation known for its competing political elites and support bases, how successful has China been in micro-managing its relations with Jakarta over trade and investment deals even carrying through to a post-authoritarian order? How has newly independent albeit aid-dependent Timor-Leste been able to parlay the China connection? Mixing documentary with primary research in situ, the inclusion of the East Timor case adds a missing link in the growing literature on the BRI.

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Sovereignty and the Sea: How Indonesia Became an Archipelagic State

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Resisting Internationalism?

Resisting Internationalism?

Poliheuristic Theory and Indonesia’s Absence in Deep-Sea Mining (DSM)

Chinese Economic Statecraft in Indonesia/East Timor: A Historical and Regional Perspective

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