Southern Great Basin seismological data report for 1981 and preliminary data analysis

Rogers, A.M.; Harmsen, Stephen C.; Carr, W.J.; Spence, William

doi:10.3133/ofr83669

Cited by 25 publications

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“…Horizontal component instruments were deployed at selected stations in 1984. This network, called the southern Great Basin seismograph network (SGBSN) (Rogers et al 1981(Rogers et al ,1983Mermonte and Rogers 1987;Gomberg 1991aGomberg , 1991bHarmsen and Bufe 1992), was designed to locate and study properties of earthquakes for a region containing tectonic features of possible significance to seismic risk assessment for the YMR.…”

Section: A Seismic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status of volcanism studies for the Yucca Mountain Site Characterization Project

Crowe¹,

Perry²,

Murrell³

et al. 1995

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; ifs unique idenfzfier assigned to fhis appendix is LA-EES-13-LV-12-95-002. To obtain rgerences bgore fhe appendix is issued, confacf Kean Finnegan at (7021-794-7273 ABSTRACTChapter 1 introduces the volcanism issue for the Yucca Mountain site and provides the reader with an overview of the organization, content, and significant conclusions of this report. The risk of future basaltic volcanism is the primary topic of concern including both events that intersect a potential repository and events that occur near or within the waste isolation system of a repository. Future volcanic events cannot be predicted with certainty but instead are estimated using formal methods of probabilistic volcanic hazard assessment. Chapter 2 describes the volcanic history of the Yucca Mountain region (YMR) and emphasizes the Pliocene and Quaternary volcanic record, the interval of primary concern for volcanic risk assessment. The distribution, eruptive history, and geochronology of Plio-Quaternary basalt centers are described by individual center emphasizing the two cycles of the Postcaldera basalt, the Older postcaldera basalt and the Younger postcaldera basalt. The Lathrop Wells volcanic center is described in detail because it is the youngest basalt center in the YMR, it has been problematic to establish the geochronology of the center; and it probably formed during multiple, timeseparate eruptive events, an unexpected difference from typical monogenetic basaltic volcanic centers. Chapter 3 describes the tectonic setting of the YMR and presents and assesses the significance of multiple alternative tectonic models. The Crater Flat volcanic zone is defined and described as one of many alternative models of the structural controls of the distribution of Plio-Quaternary basalt centers in the YMR. Geophysical data are described for the YMR and are used as an aid to understand the distribution of basaltic volcanic centers. Chapter 4 discusses the petrologic and geochemical features of basaltic volcanism in the YMR, the southern Great Basin and the Basin and Range province. Geochemical and isotopic data are described that indicate basalt of the southern Great Basin was derived from ancient lithospheric mantle. The long time of activity and characteristic small volume of the Postcaldera basalt of the YMR result in one of the lowest eruptive rates in a volcanic field in the southwest United States. Quaternary lavas of the YMR lack plagioclase phenocrysts and fractionated at high pressure in the lower crust or upper mantle before ascent and eruption. The compositional variation of the Lathrop Wells center provides strong evidence of formation from separate and unrelated magma batches. Chapter 5 summarizes current concepts of the segregation, ascent, and eruption of basalt magma. Magma ascending as dikes probably followed northwest-trending structure at depth and diverted at shallow depths following the direction of maximum compressive stress. Chapter 6 summarizes the history of volcanism studies (1979 through early 1994), including work f...

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Section: A Seismic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status of volcanism studies for the Yucca Mountain Site Characterization Project

Crowe¹,

Perry²,

Murrell³

et al. 1995

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“…The seismicity data of Rogers et al (1983Rogers et al ( , 1987 suggest that in this area north-to eastnortheast-striking faults are more active than faults of other orientations. This finding is corroborated by Vetter (1990), who notes that the small to moderate earthquakes that have Data compiled from 38 historical earthquakes of about magnitude 6 and greater suggest that the maximum background earthquake for the Basin and Range province is at least M 6.3…”

Section: Northeast-striking Faults (Doe 1988)mentioning

confidence: 83%

“…In the region of the Nevada Test Site, studies based on a variety of geologic data, earthquake focal mechanisms, and in situ stress measurements indicate either normal or strike-slip faulting and least horizontal principal stress orientations of N50°W to N70°W (e.g., Cart, 1984;Rogers et al, 1983 andStock et al, 1985;Frizzell and Zoback, 1987;and Stock and Healy, 1988).…”

Section: Northeast-striking Faults (Doe 1988)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Summary and evaluation of existing geological and geophysical data near prospective surface facilities in Midway Valley, Yucca Mountain Project, Nye County, Nevada; Yucca Mountain Site Characterization Project

Gibson

Swan²,

Wesling³

et al. 1992

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Midway Valley, located at the eastern base of Yucca Mountain in southwestern Nevada, is the preferred location of the surface facilities for the potential high-level nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain. One goal in siting these surface facilities is to avoid faults that could produce relative displacements in excess of 5 cm in the foundations of the waste-handling buildings. This study reviews existing geologic and geophysical data that can be used to assess the potential for surface fault rupture within Midway Valley. Dominant tectonic features in Midway Valley are north-trending, westward-dipping normal faults along the margins of the valley: the Bow Ridge fault to the west and the Paintbrush Canyon fault to the east. Both faults displace Quaternary sediments. Published estimates of average Quaternary slip rates for these faults are very low (=10 3 mm/yr), but the age of most recent displacement and the amount of displacement per event are largely unknown. Surtace mapping and interpretive cross sections, based on limited drillhole and geophysical data, suggest that additional normal faults, including the postulated Midway Valley fault, may exist beneath the Quaternary/Tertiary fill within the valley. Existing data, however, are inadequate to determine the location, recency, and geometry of this faulting.To confidently assess the potential for significant Quaternary faulting in Midway Valley, additional data are needed that define the stratigraphy and structure of the strata beneath the valley, characterize the Quaternary soils and surfaces, and establish the age of faulting. The use of new and improved geophysical techniques, combined with a drilling program, _tfers the greatest potentinl for resolving subsurface structure in the valley. Mapping of surfici_ll get,logic units and logging of soil pits and trenches within these units must be completed, using accepted state-of-the-art practices supported by multiple quantitative numeric_tl and r clat ivc age-tinting techniques." e! "_' ';':" " i_':_ Hoover et al. (1981) and Hoover (1989) 17 3.3 Soil-Geomorphology Studies in Crater Flat (Peterson, 1988) (iv)LIST OF TABLES Bull and Ku, 1975 and Ku et al., 1979) 16 Table 3-2 -Correlation characteristics of surficial deposits (from Hoover et al., 1981 andHoover, 1989) 19 Table 3-3 -Age and characteristics of stratigraphic units of Hoover et al. (1981) and Hoover (1989) 21 Valley, the proposed location of the prospective surface facilities. The data obtained during this study will be used in conjunction with other site characterization activities to support:(1) the siting of the surface facilities, and (2) an assessment of the potential effects of surface faulting on the design of the surface facilities. SCOPE OF WORKThe scope of work for this task includes a review of available published and unpublished literature, maps, and data that are relevant to evaluation of the stratigraphy, structure, and tectonics of the Midway Valley area. Emphasis was placed on: (1) infbrmation pertaining to the nat...

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“…Horizontal component instruments were deployed at selected stations in 1984. This network, called the southern Great Basin seismograph network (SGBSN) (Rogers et al, 1981(Rogers et al, , 1983Mermonte and Rogers, 1987;Gomberg, 1991aGomberg, , 1991bHarmsen and Bufe, 1992), was designed to locate and study properties of earthquakes for a region containing tectonic features of possible significance to seismic risk assessment for the YMR. Tectonic features of regional interest (not all of which are significant for seismic risk assessment for Yucca Mountain) were reviewed by .…”

Section: A Seismic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcanism Studies: Final Report for the Yucca Mountain Project

Crowe¹,

Perry²,

Valentine³

et al. 1998

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Southern Great Basin seismological data report for 1981 and preliminary data analysis

Abstract: This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement of the USGS.

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Status of volcanism studies for the Yucca Mountain Site Characterization Project

Status of volcanism studies for the Yucca Mountain Site Characterization Project

Summary and evaluation of existing geological and geophysical data near prospective surface facilities in Midway Valley, Yucca Mountain Project, Nye County, Nevada; Yucca Mountain Site Characterization Project

Volcanism Studies: Final Report for the Yucca Mountain Project

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