Source specific exposure and risk assessment for indoor aerosols

Koivisto, Antti Joonas; Kling, Kirsten Inga; Hänninen, Otto; Jayjock, Michael A.; Löndahl, Jakob; Wierzbicka, Aneta; Fonseca, Ana Sofia; Uhrbrand, Katrine; Boor, Brandon E.; Jiménez, Araceli Sánchez; Hämeri, Kaarle; Maso, Miikka Dal; Arnold, Susan; Jensen, Keld Alstrup; Viana, Mar; Morawska, Lidia; Hussein, Tareq

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.398

Cited by 60 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…As can be seen here, and also reported in previous studies, indoor aerosol emission sources, which are closely connected to human activities indoors, produce aerosol concentrations that are usually several times higher than those found outdoors [17,[75][76][77]. Indoor aerosol sources can thus have a significant adverse impact on human health given that people spend the majority of their time indoors [10,11,32].…”

Section: Indoor Versus Outdoor Particle Concentrationssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…The calculated PM 2.5 concentrations were found to be less than those reported by the DustTrak (Figure 4). More variability was observed for PM 10 , with the calculated PM 10 both underand overestimating the DustTrak-derived values across the measured concentration range. The mean calculated-to-DustTrak PM 2.5 ratio was 0.63 ± 0.58 and that for PM 10 was 1.46 ± 1.27.…”

Section: Comparisons Between Different Aerosol Instruments-technical mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…An overview of the indoor submicron particle number (PN) concentrations and PM 2.5 and PM 10 concentrations is presented Tables 4 and 5 (mean ± SD and 95%) and illustrated in Figure 5 for each of the eight Jordanian dwellings investigated in this study. Particle concentration time series are presented in the supplementary material (Figures S1-S8).…”

Section: Indoor Particle Concentrations During the Winter Seasonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The World Health Organization (WHO) has recognized healthy indoor air as a fundamental human right [4]. Comprehensive indoor air quality measurements are needed in many regions of the world to provide reliable data for evaluation of human exposure to particulate and gaseous indoor air pollutants [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indoor air pollutant concentrations depend on the dynamic relationship between pollutant source and loss processes within buildings. Source processes include the transport of outdoor air pollution, which can be high in urban areas [11][12][13], into the indoor environment via ventilation and infiltration, and indoor emission sources, which include solid fuel combustion, electronic appliances, cleaning, consumer products, occupants, pets, and volatilization of chemicals from building materials and furnishings, among others [10,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Loss processes include ventilation, exfiltration, deposition to indoor surfaces, filtration and air cleaning, and pollutant transformations in the air (i.e., coagulation, gas-phase reactions).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indoor Particle Concentrations, Size Distributions, and Exposures in Middle Eastern Microenvironments

et al. 2019

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There is limited research on indoor air quality in the Middle East. In this study, concentrations and size distributions of indoor particles were measured in eight Jordanian dwellings during the winter and summer. Supplemental measurements of selected gaseous pollutants were also conducted. Indoor cooking, heating via the combustion of natural gas and kerosene, and tobacco/shisha smoking were associated with significant increases in the concentrations of ultrafine, fine, and coarse particles. Particle number (PN) and particle mass (PM) size distributions varied with the different indoor emission sources and among the eight dwellings. Natural gas cooking and natural gas or kerosene heaters were associated with PN concentrations on the order of 100,000 to 400,000 cm −3 and PM 2.5 concentrations often in the range of 10 to 150 µg/m 3 . Tobacco and shisha (waterpipe or hookah) smoking, the latter of which is common in Jordan, were found to be strong emitters of indoor ultrafine and fine particles in the dwellings. Non-combustion cooking activities emitted comparably less PN and PM 2.5 . Indoor cooking and combustion processes were also found to increase concentrations of carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and volatile organic compounds. In general, concentrations of indoor particles were lower during the summer compared to the winter. In the absence of indoor activities, indoor PN and PM 2.5 concentrations were generally below 10,000 cm −3 and 30 µg/m 3 , respectively. Collectively, the results suggest that Jordanian indoor environments can be heavily polluted when compared to the surrounding outdoor atmosphere primarily due to the ubiquity of indoor combustion associated with cooking, heating, and smoking.

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Section: Indoor Versus Outdoor Particle Concentrationssupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Comparisons Between Different Aerosol Instruments-technical mentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Indoor Particle Concentrations During the Winter Seasonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indoor Particle Concentrations, Size Distributions, and Exposures in Middle Eastern Microenvironments

et al. 2019

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Toward Rigorous Materials Production: New Approach Methodologies Have Extensive Potential to Improve Current Safety Assessment Practices

Nymark

Bakker

Dekkers

et al. 2020

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Advanced material development, including at the nanoscale, comprises costly and complex challenges coupled to ensuring human and environmental safety. Governmental agencies regulating safety have announced interest toward acceptance of safety data generated under the collective term New Approach Methodologies (NAMs), as such technologies/approaches offer marked potential to progress the integration of safety testing measures during innovation from idea to product launch of nanomaterials. Divided in overall eight main categories, searchable databases for grouping and read across purposes, exposure assessment and modeling, in silico modeling of physicochemical structure and hazard data, in vitro high‐throughput and high‐content screening assays, dose‐response assessments and modeling, analyses of biological processes and toxicity pathways, kinetics and dose extrapolation, consideration of relevant exposure levels and biomarker endpoints typify such useful NAMs. Their application generally agrees with articulated stakeholder needs for improvement of safety testing procedures. They further fit for inclusion and add value in nanomaterials risk assessment tools. Overall 37 of 50 evaluated NAMs and tiered workflows applying NAMs are recommended for considering safer‐by‐design innovation, including guidance to the selection of specific NAMs in the eight categories. An innovation funnel enriched with safety methods is ultimately proposed under the central aim of promoting rigorous nanomaterials innovation.

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