Source mass and positioning system for an accurate measurement of G

Lamporesi, Giacomo; Bertoldi, Andréa; Cecchetti, A.; Duhlach, B.; Fattori, M.; Malengo, Andrea; Pettorruso, S.; Prevedelli, M.; Tino, G. M.

doi:10.1063/1.2751090

Cited by 27 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…As expected for this material (Inermet180, a sintered alloy of 95% W, 3.5% Ni and 1.5% Cu), density has a minimum at the centre due to the production technique even if the parts where exposed to a hot isostatic pressing treatment that makes the average density of the batch quite uniform [29]. Indeed from the mass and the geometric measurements an average density ρ = (18263 ± 2) g cm −3 is obtained.…”

Section: (A) Source Massesmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Measuring the Newtonian constant of gravitation G with an atomic interferometer

Prevedelli

Cacciapuoti

Rosi

et al. 2014

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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We have recently completed a measurement of the Newtonian constant of gravitation G using atomic interferometry. Our result is G =6.67191(77)(62)×10 −11 m 3 kg −1 s −2 where the numbers in parenthesis are the type A and type B standard uncertainties, respectively. An evaluation of the measurement uncertainty is presented and the perspectives for improvement are discussed. Our result is approaching the precision of experiments based on macroscopic sensing masses showing that the next generation of atomic gradiometers could reach a total relative uncertainty in the 10 parts per million range.

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Section: (A) Source Massesmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The source masses and the positioning system have already been described in detail in [29]. Here, we discuss only what is relevant for evaluating Φ s .…”

Section: (A) Source Massesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the Newtonian constant of gravitation G with an atomic interferometer

Prevedelli

Cacciapuoti

Rosi

et al. 2014

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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“…Then we introduced a vertical square-wave density modulation, considering the central part of each disk (3.85 mm of thickness) less dense with respect the external ones. For a relative density variation of (1.0 ± 0.1) × 10 −3 [14] and performing the usual Monte Carlo simulation we found a shift equal to (−169 ± 10) ppm.…”

Section: Other Effectsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In the following we will consider a monolithic hollow cylinder in order to simplify the discussion. If necessary, an almost equivalent geometry can be realized using smaller cylinders radially arranged, as done in [14].…”

Section: Systematicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A proposed atom interferometry determination ofGat 10⁻⁵using a cold atomic fountain

Rosi

2017

Metrologia

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Abstract. In precision metrology the determination of the Newtonian gravity constant G represents a real problem, since its history is plagued by huge unknown discrepancies between a large number of independent experiments. In this paper we propose a novel experimental setup for measuring G with a relative accuracy of 10 −5 using a standard cold atomic fountain and matter wave interferometry. We discuss in details the major sources of systematic errors, providing also the expected statistical uncertainty. Feasibility of determining G at a level of 10 −6 level is also discussed.

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“…We use a set of high-density source masses, for a total of 516 kg, to enhance the gravity-field curvature sensed by the three atomic samples. The source masses are composed of 24 tungsten alloy (INERMET IT180) cylinders [32]. They are positioned on two titanium platforms and distributed in hexagonal symmetry around the axis of the interferometer tube.…”

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confidence: 99%

Measurement of the Gravity-Field Curvature by Atom Interferometry

et al. 2015

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We present the first direct measurement of the gravity-field curvature based on three conjugated atom interferometers. Three atomic clouds launched in the vertical direction are simultaneously interrogated by the same atom interferometry sequence and used to probe the gravity field at three equally spaced positions. The vertical component of the gravity-field curvature generated by nearby source masses is measured from the difference between adjacent gravity gradient values. Curvature measurements are of interest in geodesy studies and for the validation of gravitational models of the surrounding environment. The possibility of using such a scheme for a new determination of the Newtonian constant of gravity is also discussed.In the last two decades, atom interferometry [1] has profoundly changed precision inertial sensing, leading to major advances in metrology and fundamental and applied physics. The outstanding stability and accuracy levels [2,3] combined with the possibility of easily implementing new measurement schemes [4][5][6][7] are the main reasons for the rapid progress of these instruments. Matter-wave interferometry has been successfully used to measure local gravity [8], gravity gradient [9-11], the Sagnac effect [12], the Newtonian gravitational constant [13][14][15][16], the fine structure constant [17], and for tests of general relativity [18,19]. Accelerometers based on atom interferometry have been developed for many practical applications including geodesy, geophysics, engineering prospecting, and inertial navigation [20][21][22]. Instruments for space-based research are being conceived for different applications ranging from weak equivalence principle tests and gravitational-wave detection to geodesy [23,24].One of the most attractive features of atom interferometry sensors is the ability to perform differential acceleration measurements by simultaneously interrogating two separated atomic clouds with high rejection of common-mode vibration noise, as demonstrated in gravity gradiometry applications [3,9]. In principle, such a scheme can be extended to an arbitrary number of samples, thus, providing a measurement of higher-order spatial derivatives of the gravity field. Geophysical models of the Earth's interior rely on the inversion of gravity and gravity gradient data collected at or above the surface [25]. The solution to this problem, which is, in general, not unique, leads to images of the subsurface mass distribution over different scale lengths [26]. In this context,

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Source mass and positioning system for an accurate measurement of G

Cited by 27 publications

References 20 publications

Measuring the Newtonian constant of gravitation G with an atomic interferometer

Measuring the Newtonian constant of gravitation G with an atomic interferometer

A proposed atom interferometry determination ofGat 10⁻⁵using a cold atomic fountain

Measurement of the Gravity-Field Curvature by Atom Interferometry

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Source mass and positioning system for an accurate measurement of G

Cited by 27 publications

References 20 publications

Measuring the Newtonian constant of gravitation G with an atomic interferometer

Measuring the Newtonian constant of gravitation G with an atomic interferometer

A proposed atom interferometry determination ofGat 10−5using a cold atomic fountain

Measurement of the Gravity-Field Curvature by Atom Interferometry

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Product

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A proposed atom interferometry determination ofGat 10⁻⁵using a cold atomic fountain