Source estimation of anthropogenic aerosols collected by a DRUM sampler during spring of 2002 at Gosan, Korea

Han, Jin-Seok; Moon, Kyungsun; Ryu, Seon-Young; Kim, Y.J.; Perry, K. D.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.01.047

Cited by 39 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…As some emission sources release specific trace elements, these elements can serve as useful source markers in PM source apportionment studies Peltier and Lippmann, 2010;Han et al, 2005;Harrison et al, 2012;Karanasiou et al, 2009;Ondov et al, 2006;Querol et al, 2007;Viana et al, 2008;Yu et al, 2013). Elemental enrichments can also be used to roughly differentiate natural and anthropogenic sources (Khodeir et al, 2012;Rushdi et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of PM<sub>2.5</sub> carbonaceous aerosol in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Knowledge of the sources of carbonaceous aerosol affecting air quality in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, is limited but needed for the development of pollution control strategies. We conducted sampling of PM 2.5 from April to September 2012 at various sites in the city and used a thermo-optical semi-continuous method to quantify the organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) concentrations. The average OC and EC concentrations were 4.7 ± 4.4 and 2.1 ± 2.5 µg m −3 , respectively, during this period. Both OC and EC concentrations had strong diurnal variations, with peaks at 06:00-08:00 LT and 20:00-22:00 LT, attributed to the combined effect of increased vehicle emissions during rush hour and the shallow boundary layer in the early morning and at night. This finding suggested a significant influence of local vehicular emissions on OC and EC. The OC / EC ratio in primary emissions was estimated to be 1.01, close to documented values for diesel emissions. Estimated primary organic carbon (POC) and secondary organic carbon (SOC) concentrations were comparable, with average concentrations of 2.0 ± 2.4 and 2.8 ± 3.4 µg m −3 , respectively.We also collected 24 h samples of PM 10 onto quartz microfiber filters and analyzed these for an array of metals by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Total OC was correlated with Ca (R 2 of 0.63), suggesting that OC precursors and Ca may have similar sources, and the possibility that they underwent similar atmospheric processing. In addition to a ubiquitous dust source, Ca is emitted during desalting processes in the numerous refineries in the region and from cement kilns, suggesting these sources may also contribute to observed OC concentrations in Riyadh. Concentration weighted trajectory (CWT) analysis showed that high OC and EC concentrations were associated with air masses arriving from the Persian Gulf and the region around Baghdad, locations with high densities of oil fields and refineries as well as a large Saudi Arabian cement plant. We further applied positive matrix factorization to the aligned dataset of EC, OC, and metal concentrations (Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, and V). Three factors were derived and were proposed to be associated with oil combustion, industrial emissions (Pb based), and a combined source from oil fields, cement production, and local vehicular emissions. The dominant OC and EC source was the combined source, contributing 3.9 µg m −3 (80 %) to observed OC and 1.9 µg m −3 (92 %) to observed EC.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of PM<sub>2.5</sub> carbonaceous aerosol in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

et al. 2018

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“…Only few types of cascade impactors exist for this task, for example the rotating drum impactor with 3 or 8 stages (3DRUM / 8DRUM, see Cahill, C. 2003;Cahill, T. et al 2003Cahill, T. et al , 2004Cliff et al 2003;Han et al 2005;Perry et al 2004;VanCuren et al 2005), or the streaker sampler with 3 size ranges (D'Alessandro et al 2003(D'Alessandro et al , 2004. A rotating drum impactor is characterized by one rectangular nozzle for every impactor stage and rotating wheels instead of conventional impaction plates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition Uniformity and Particle Size Distribution of Ambient Aerosol Collected with a Rotating Drum Impactor

Bukowiecki¹,

Richard²,

Furger³

et al. 2009

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Rotating drum impactors (RDI) are cascade type impactors used for size and time resolved aerosol sampling, mostly followed by spectrometric analysis of the deposited material. They are characterized by one rectangular nozzle per stage and are equipped with an automated stepping mechanism for the impaction wheels. An existing three-stage rotating drum impactor was modified, to obtain new midpoint cutoff diameters at 2.5 µm, 1 µm, and 0.1 µm, respectively. For RDI samples collected under ambient air conditions, information on the size-segregation and the spatial uniformity of the deposited particles are key factors for a reliable spectrometric analysis of the RDI deposits. Two aerodynamic particle sizers (APS) were used for the determination of the RDI size fractionation characteristics, using polydisperse laboratory room air as quasi-stable proxy for urban ambient air. This experimental approach was suitable for the scope of this study, but was subject to numerous boundary conditions that limit a general use. Aerodynamic stage penetration midpoint diameters were estimated to be 2.4 and 1.0 µm for the first two RDI stages. Additionally, the spatial uniformity and geometrical size distribution of the deposited aerosol were investigated using micro-focus synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (micro-SR-XRF) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. The size distribution of the particles found on the TEM samples agreed well with the results from the APS experiments. The RDI deposits showed sufficient uniformity for subsequent spectrometric analysis, but in the 2.5-10 µm size range the particle area density was very low. All of the applied methods confirmed the theoretical cutoff values

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“…Previous studies have reported that PM 10 concentration can be significantly increased during a DS event. Han et al (2005) found that the mean concentration of ambient PM 10 was about eight times higher during the DS periods in spring 2001 at Gosan. In this study, it is thought that the average PM 10 concentration during non-DS were rather high due to stable atmospheric condition resulted from frequent haze and mist events, while that of DS might be low due to rain and snow events during the DS events (Table 2) ).…”

Section: General Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Dust Storms on the Organic Composition in the Ambient Aerosol

Kwon

Kim

Lee

2013

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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To better understand the impact of dust storm (DS) events on the ambient aerosol organic composition in Seoul, samples of solvent-extractable organic compounds in the atmospheric particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than or equal to a nominal 10 μm (PM 10 ) were collected for 3 months (March-May) in 2007 and characterized. The results of the statistical analysis suggested that during the DS events the ambient PM 10 concentration increased, the n-alkanes concentrations decreased, and the PAH concentrations show no trend, although they increased slightly. The distributions of n-alkanes and PAH species showed that among n-alkanes only C 25 and C 27 species in the non-DS samples increased compared to in the DS samples. Since C 25 and C 27 species are mainly emitted from plants, this suggests that the impact of biogenic emissions of n-alkanes was reduced during the DS periods. Among PAHs, only the concentration of Fluoranthene increased in a statistically significant manner during the DS period, and only the 1,3,5-Triphenylbenzene level was higher during the non-DS period. The backward trajectory analysis results showed that the air parcels over Seoul did not show much difference between DS and non-DS days. The average level of n-alkanes per unit mass of PM 10 was statistically lower in the DS samples, while those of the PAHs showed no statistically significant differences between the DS and non-DS samples.

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Source estimation of anthropogenic aerosols collected by a DRUM sampler during spring of 2002 at Gosan, Korea

Cited by 39 publications

References 26 publications

Sources of PM<sub>2.5</sub> carbonaceous aerosol in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Sources of PM<sub>2.5</sub> carbonaceous aerosol in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Deposition Uniformity and Particle Size Distribution of Ambient Aerosol Collected with a Rotating Drum Impactor

Impact of Dust Storms on the Organic Composition in the Ambient Aerosol

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Source estimation of anthropogenic aerosols collected by a DRUM sampler during spring of 2002 at Gosan, Korea

Cited by 39 publications

References 26 publications

Sources of PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; carbonaceous aerosol in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Sources of PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; carbonaceous aerosol in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Deposition Uniformity and Particle Size Distribution of Ambient Aerosol Collected with a Rotating Drum Impactor

Impact of Dust Storms on the Organic Composition in the Ambient Aerosol

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Sources of PM<sub>2.5</sub> carbonaceous aerosol in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Sources of PM<sub>2.5</sub> carbonaceous aerosol in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia