Sound Source Localization Fusion Algorithm and Performance Analysis of a Three-Plane Five-Element Microphone Array

Abstract

To reduce the negative effect on sound source localization when the source is at an extreme angle and improve localization precision and stability, a theoretical model of a three-plane five-element microphone array is established, using time-delay values to judge the sound source’s quadrant position. Corresponding judgment criteria were proposed, solving the problem in which a single-plane array easily blurs the measured position. Based on sound source geometric localization, a formula for the sound source azimuth calculation of a single-plane five-element microphone array was derived. The sinusoids and cosines of two elevation angles based on two single-plane arrays were introduced into the sound source spherical coordinates as composite weighted coefficients, and a sound source localization fusion algorithm based on a three-plane five-element microphone array was proposed. The relationship between the time-delay estimation error, elevation angle, horizontal angle, and microphone array localization performance was discussed, and the precision and stability of ranging and direction finding were analyzed. The results show that the measurement precision of the distance from the sound source to the array center and the horizontal angle are improved one to threefold, and the measurement precision of the elevation angle is improved one to twofold. Although there is a small error, the overall performance of the sound source localization is stable, reflecting the advantages of the fusion algorithm.

Automated identification and assessment of environmental noise sources

“…Its popularity in various industries and acoustic research has spawned several variants of arrays for the detection of sound emission. Many versions are large and have a large number of sensors, which makes them unsuitable for continuous measurements, [53][54][55][56][57][58][59], especially in the low frequency range, [60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68]. Microphone arrays for environmental noise measurements are more or less limited to single use cases and for the purpose of increasing SNR by forming a synthesized signal from all microphones, [53][54][55][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77].…”

A Moving Path Tracking Method of the Thunderstorm Cloud Based on the Three‐Dimensional Atmospheric Electric Field Apparatus

“…The three-dimensional AEFA N at the test point of Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology (NUIST) is installed in the School of Electronic and Information Engineering. The electric field apparatus is placed in the same place as the microphone array used for locating the thunder source [22][23][24], as shown in Figure 11. Here, the apparatus is about 28 m away from the average sea level.…”

A Survey of Sound Source Localization and Detection Methods and Their Applications

“…Therefore, any method’s essential element and requirement is using an acoustic sensor. In addition to converting sound waves into an electrical signal, they also perform other functions, such as: reducing ambient noise [ 30 ], or capturing sounds with frequencies beyond the hearing range of the human ear [ 31 ]. This means there is a possibility of localizing sources of acoustic signals that are impossible to hear without technology.…”