Sorting, regrouping, and echelon utilization of the large-scale retired lithium batteries: A critical review

Lai, Xin; Huang, Yunfeng; Deng, Cong; Gu, Huanghui; Han, Xiao; Zheng, Yuejiu; Ouyang, Minggao

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2021.111162

Cited by 129 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…In this paper, the IC peak area (PA) characteristics of each cell were extracted, and the correlation scatter diagram and correlation thermodynamic diagram (Figure 5a) were drawn based on the initial performance test data of a batch of retired batteries. From the correlation scatter diagram, we can find that PA 1 and PA 2 have a strong linear correlation with battery capacity, while PA 5 has a weak correlation with battery capacity. In the meantime, there is a strong correlation between PA 2 and PA 5 , which will be discussed in detail in Section 4.…”

Section: Ic-features-based Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, the other positions are basically unchanged or change little. Therefore, the conjecture that the capacity decline of the battery is dominated by peak 1 and peak 2 is proposed, which brings inspiration to feature selection based on the IC curve. In this paper, the IC peak area (PA) characteristics of each cell were extracted, and the correlation scatter diagram and correlation thermodynamic diagram (Figure 5a) were drawn based on the initial performance test data of a batch of retired batteries.…”

Section: Ic-features-based Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of negative electrode material loss on the battery can be ignored, as the battery has an excess of negative electrodes. In this stage, the decline of the cell can be represented as the fast decline of peak 1 When the peak 1 declines to a certain extent, the negative electrode material decline will have a significant influence on battery capacity. The contraction of the negative half-cell curve will affect all voltage platforms, especially the proportional contraction of the 5 -2 platform.…”

Section: Battery Decay Mechanism-based Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Equation ( 9), Q 1 is PA 1 for the battery to be estimated, Q 1_part is the measured part of PA 1 , Q 1_part_re f erence is the part of PA 1 corresponding to the reference battery, and Q 1_re f erence is the full PA 1 of the reference battery.…”

Section: Battery Decay Mechanism-based Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, they have considerable economic and environmental value. The reuse of retired LIBs is called echelon utilization [1] or second-life application. The second-life application can extend the service life of LIBs, maximize the value of the life cycle and reduce the running cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study on Capacity Estimation Methods of Second-Life Application Batteries

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2021

WEVJ

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For the capacity estimation problem of cells in series-retired battery modules, this paper proposed three different methods from the perspective of data-driven, battery curve matching and recession characteristics for different applications. Firstly, based on the premise that the battery history data are available, the features of the IC curve are selected as input for the linear regression models. To avoid multicollinearity among features, we apply a filter-based feature selection method to eliminate redundant features. The results show that the average errors with Multiple Linear Regression are within 1.5%. Secondly, for the situation with a lack of historical operating data, the battery-curve-matching-based method is proposed based on the Dynamic Time Warping algorithm. This method could achieve the curve matching between the reference cell and target cell, and then the curve contraction coefficients can be obtained. The result shows that the method’s average error is 2.34%. Thirdly, whereas the tougher situation is that only part of the battery curve is available, we present a substitute method based on the battery degradation mechanism. This method can estimate most of the battery plant capacity through the partial battery curve. The result shows that the method’s average error is within 2%. Lastly, we contrast the applicability and limitations of every method based on the retired battery test data after deep cycling aging.

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Section: Ic-features-based Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Ic-features-based Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Battery Decay Mechanism-based Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Battery Decay Mechanism-based Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study on Capacity Estimation Methods of Second-Life Application Batteries

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2021

WEVJ

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Revisiting the Preparation Progress of Nano‐Structured Si Anodes toward Industrial Application from the Perspective of Cost and Scalability

Lai

et al. 2022

Advanced Energy Materials

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The urgent demand for lithium ion batteries with high energy density is driving the increasing research interest in Si, which possesses an ultrahigh theoretical capacity. Though various modification strategies have been proposed from the aspects of electrolytes, binders, Si‐M alloys, and Si/C composites, the preparation of nano‐structured Si is the first step for industrial application, since it has the potential solve the intrinsic problem of severe volume change during the lithiation/delithiation process. A series of Si nanostructures including 0D (nanoparticles), 1D (nanowires, nanotubes), 2D (thin film), and 3D (porous structure) have been developed and displayed encouraging results. However, it remains a great challenge to realize industrial production with acceptable cost and batch stability. In this review, the preparation development of nano‐structured Si is revisited. After briefly introducing the market situation for nanostructured Si, the fabrication of various kinds of nanostructure Si are introduced, and the corresponding progress including ball milling, magnesium thermal reduction, temple method, chemical vapor deposition, and chemical etching are comprehensively reexamined and compared from the perspective of mechanism, cost, technical maturity, and recent development. Finally, the further directions of nano‐structured Si preparation toward industrial production are deeply discussed. This review of preparation of nanostructured Si helps to pave the way toward commercial application of high energy density Si‐anodes.

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Current Situation and Development Prospects of Discharge Pretreatment during Recycling of Lithium‐ion Batteries: A Review

Shi,

Ren,

Cao

et al. 2023

Batteries & Supercaps

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As the first step in recovering the decommissioned lithium‐ion battery cells, discharge pre‐treatment of decommissioned lithium‐ion batteries plays an important role in ensuring the safety of the subsequent recovery process and improving the comprehensive benefits of lithium‐ion battery recycling. However, current research on the recovery process of decommissioned lithium‐ion batteries focuses on how to efficiently recover elements through fire and wet methods, as well as improve the recovery of active substances by direct reduction. Therefore, this review focuses on the latest research progress of lithium‐ion battery discharge pretreatment, shows the advantages and disadvantages of various existing lithium‐ion battery discharge pretreatment technologies, and analyzes the development potential of discharge pretreatment technologies in further energy recovery, increasing cathode lithium content, and reducing the pollution of active substances. This paper aims to further review and look forward to the development of discharge pretreatment technology and provide a new perspective for improving the comprehensive benefits of the lithium‐ion battery recycling process.

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Sorting, regrouping, and echelon utilization of the large-scale retired lithium batteries: A critical review

Cited by 129 publications

References 135 publications

Study on Capacity Estimation Methods of Second-Life Application Batteries

Study on Capacity Estimation Methods of Second-Life Application Batteries

Revisiting the Preparation Progress of Nano‐Structured Si Anodes toward Industrial Application from the Perspective of Cost and Scalability

Current Situation and Development Prospects of Discharge Pretreatment during Recycling of Lithium‐ion Batteries: A Review

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