Current Situation and Development Prospects of Discharge Pretreatment during Recycling of Lithium‐ion Batteries: A Review

Shi, Minhao; Ren, Yinghui; Cao, Jianyun; Kuang, Zengyu; Zhuo, Xiaojun; Xie, Hui

doi:10.1002/batt.202300477

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Cryogenic pre-treatment, heat treatment, and crushing methods under inert gas have disadvantages, such as special equipment and high energy costs. According to Seoa et al [18] and Hao et al [19], submerging the battery in copper and graphite powder and creating a short circuit through the powder results in a significant discharge rate and a decrease in residual voltage to just over 0.5 V. However, there may be risks associated with overheating due to a potential short circuit, as well as the possibility of battery disintegration caused by internal heating during powder discharge [20]. Furthermore, discharging a substantial amount of batteries at once proves to be difficult.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Metal Accelerator Approach for Discharging Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Batteries in a Salt Solution

Urtnasan,

Wang

2024

Metals

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Recycling lithium-ion batteries provides sustainable raw materials. Crushing and separation are necessary for extracting metals, like lithium, from batteries. Crushing a battery carries a risk of fire or explosion. Fully discharging the battery is crucial for safe production. Discharging batteries in a salt solution is a simple and cost-effective large-scale process. However, it is important to note that there is a potential risk of corrosion and loss of battery elements when batteries are immersed in a salt solution. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of two distinct methodologies at enhancing the voltage drop of a cylindrical battery when immersed in a salt solution while preventing corrosion. These techniques involve the application of iron and copper accelerators. A 20 wt.% salt water solution was chosen based on the research of several researchers. As the current flows through the metal parts, it encounters electrical resistance and forms an electric circuit with the electrolyte solution. This interaction converts electrical energy into various physical–electrical–electrochemical phenomena, leading to a decrease in battery voltage. Research revealed that the battery can be discharged up to 100% within 4 h without causing corrosion to its components. Another point to note is that if copper conductors are used, it is possible to decrease the battery voltage by around 90% within 8 h. The gap between the copper conductor and the battery had a direct impact on the battery’s discharge rate. Reducing the distance significantly increased the discharge rate, as confirmed by experimental evidence. This discharge mechanism was thoroughly described in a schematic, and, to further explain the electrochemical reaction, the Pourbaix diagram was utilized for both the Fe-Na-Cl and Cu-Na-Cl systems. Moreover, our theoretical predictions were validated through a chemical and mineralogical analysis of the precipitates that formed in the solution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%