Sorption of SPADNS azo dye on polystyrene anion exchangers: Equilibrium and kinetic studies

Adsorption kinetics of nitrate ions on ion exchange resin

“…The possibility of film or intraparticle diffusion or both was explored using the Weber and Morris intraparticle diffusion equation [17,18,22]:…”

“…These models have been originally derived for adsorption processes. However, these models do not provide any information regarding the real kinetics of ion exchange mechanisms, which are based on mass transfer resistances [5,13,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. A suitable kinetic model can be used for design purposes to predict column behavior in water treatment plants [24][25][26].…”

Adsorption behavior of α-tocopheryl succinate and α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate onto weakly basic anion exchange resins

“…The intraparticle diffusion may be controlled by the pore diffusion or surface diffusion, or the combination of them. The overall adsorption process may be controlled by one step, like film or external diffusion, pore diffusion, surface diffusion and adsorption on the pore surface, or the combination of more than one step [37]. If the intraparticle diffusion is the only rate-controlling step, the plot passes through the origin; if more than one process controls the adsorption, multi-linear plots are obtained, the adsorption is controlled by the process having lower slope.…”

Synthesis of N-hydroxysuccinimide from succinic acid and hydroxylammonium chloride using Amberlyst A21 as reusable solid base catalyst

“…Because the Amberlyst A21 possessed various important performances such as i) the less susceptibility to organic pollutants, ii) more resistance to oxidation, hydrolysis and elevated temperature, and iii) excellent sorption capacity, and iv) recyclability, it has also been applied for various applications in waste treatments such as removals of chromates and azo dyes [21,22].…”