Sorption of pymetrozine and dimethomorph to substrate materials

Boesten, J.J.T.I.; Matser, A.M.

doi:10.18174/425040

Cited by 3 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…2 Partitioning processes in the recirculating water in GEM-A and GEM-B 2.1 Sorption to substrate material and foil GEM-A and GEM-B do not describe sorption to the substrate material and the foil surrounding the substrate mats. Boesten & Matser (2017) found significant sorption of the two isomers of dimethomorph to these materials. Therefore we propose here concepts for describing the sorption to these materials in GEM-A and GEM-B.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Let us consider the isomers of dimethomorph as an example. Boesten & Matser (2017) found K foil values of 1.2-1.5 dm 3 /kg for foil surrounding stonewool mats, so 50% of this is 0.6-0.75 L/kg.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In the past years, experience was gained with this model for regulatory use and the model was also tested Wipfler et al, 2019). Furthermore, sorption experiments were carried out with two pesticides and substrate materials (Boesten & Matser, 2017). The insights gained in this work led to the need to review the model and propose improvements to the model concepts in GEM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assuming that sorption data for substrate and foil are available, there is still the problem of the estimation of M foil and K foil . In sorption studies both sides of the foil contribute to the sorption (Boesten & Matser, 2017). Therefore we recommend to halve the measured K foil values from such studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can be expected that sorption to the foil is related to the octanol-water partition coefficient, K ow . Dimethomorph has a log K ow of 2.6-2.7 (Boesten & Matser, 2017), so the effect may become larger for more lipophilic substances. Wipfler et al (2015a) made GEM calculations for 23 pesticides applied in soilless cultures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

GEM model for soilless cultures: review of process descriptions and suggestions for improvement

Boesten

Wipfler

Os³

et al. 2019

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UK The GEM model developed for soilless cultures consists of different submodels (A) for applications to crops grown on mats by drip irrigation, (B) for spray applications to crops grown on such mats, and (C) is for spray applications to crops grown in pots in an ebb/flood system (GEM-A, GEM-B, and GEM-C). The descriptions of the processes for pesticide behaviour in these submodels were reviewed, considering also their consistency with measurements available in the literature. For GEM-A it is recommended to include sorption to the mats, the foil surrounding the mats and the irrigation pipes and to include partitioning between the water in the mats and the plant roots. For GEM-B it is recommended to include direct contamination of the substrate mats and the troughs resulting from spray and Low Volume Mister (LVM) applications. For GEM-B and GEM-C it is recommended (i) to revise the procedures for calculating the initial concentrations in the air and the condensation water, (ii) to include deposition onto the roof by spray and LVM applications, (iii) to revise the procedure for calculating the volatilisation rates from the plant surfaces. For GEM-C it is recommended (i) to omit the sorption equilibration between the bottom 10 cm of the soil in the pots and the water on the ebb/flood tables, (ii) to revise the procedure for the flux in the gas phase between the greenhouse air and the top layer of the soil in the pots, and (iii) to use a crop-specific value for the fraction of the surface area covered by the pots.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

GEM model for soilless cultures: review of process descriptions and suggestions for improvement

Boesten

Wipfler

Os³

et al. 2019

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Testing of the Greenhouse Emission Model for application of plant protection products via drip irrigation in soilless cultivation

Wipfler¹,

Beltman²,

Boesten³

et al. 2020

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An experiment was conducted to test the Greenhouse Emission Model (GEM) performance. The model simulates fate of plant protection products in soilless systems for a various combinations of application types, substrate and crop types in Dutch greenhouses. Pymetrozine and imidaclorid are applied with the nutrient solution in sweet pepper growing on stone-wool. Measured and simulated concentrations were compared for (i) simulations with experimentally derived water flows, (ii) simulated water flows based on weather conditions and based on computer settings of the automatic control system and (iii) a predefined scenario in GEM3.3.2 for sweet pepper. GEM is able to simulate water flows well, when these flows are based on weather conditions and computer settings. Also, the concentrations in the mixing tank were simulated well. Simulated concentrations in the used water reservoir were higher than measured concentration. The model performance improves when the cultivation compartment is simulated with two reservoirs instead of one, with the rationale that no complete mixing occurs in the cultivation compartment. The effect of plant uptake and degradation could not be assessed. The concentration in the recirculation water in greenhouse is sensitive to the volumes of the various reservoirs in the greenhouse system. It is recommended to update the reservoir volumes according to the latest insight on commercial greenhouse systems.

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Testing the Greenhouse Emission Model (GEM) for Pesticides Applied via Drip Irrigation to Stone Wool Mats Growing Sweet Pepper in a Recirculation System

Wipfler

Boesten

et al. 2023

Horticulturae

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Pesticide emissions to surface water from greenhouses with crops grown on substrates in open or closed systems may be significant. It is important, therefore, to test models such as the Greenhouse Emission Model (GEM), which was developed to assess these emissions as part of the Dutch authorization procedure for use of plant protection products in greenhouses. GEM was tested using an experiment in which imidacloprid and pymetrozine were applied via drip irrigation to stone wool mats growing sweet pepper. The irrigation system in such greenhouses consists of a mixing tank to prepare the nutrient solution and a series of tanks to treat and recirculate the drain water back to the mixing tank. Emissions may occur because (part of) this recirculation water may be discharged or leached to the surface water. GEM assumes that all tanks are perfectly mixed. GEM further assumes that the water in these mats is perfectly mixed and that the pesticide behavior can be simulated by assuming one perfectly mixed reservoir. The model predicted breakthrough of both pesticides out of the mats earlier than measured, and the measured maximum concentrations were approximately two times lower than predicted. We considered a series of possible causes, including a smaller water volume in the mats, a higher plant uptake factor, and sorption to the stone wool. The model performance improved by representing the mats as a sequence of two equally large tanks with plant uptake restricted to the first tank. We recommend to study the solute transport process and the distribution of plant roots in the mats in more detail to further underpin the hypothesis used and improve the model. After this first validation, the GEM model might also be used in other countries to forecast emissions of PPPs to surface water.

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Sorption of pymetrozine and dimethomorph to substrate materials

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

GEM model for soilless cultures: review of process descriptions and suggestions for improvement

GEM model for soilless cultures: review of process descriptions and suggestions for improvement

Testing of the Greenhouse Emission Model for application of plant protection products via drip irrigation in soilless cultivation

Testing the Greenhouse Emission Model (GEM) for Pesticides Applied via Drip Irrigation to Stone Wool Mats Growing Sweet Pepper in a Recirculation System

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